Tristanne Connolly
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‘Terrible Thunders’ and ‘Enormous Joys’
Potency and degeneracy in Blake’s Visions and James Graham’s celestial bed
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Drawing parallels between Oothoon and James Graham, a sex therapist contemporary with Blake, Tristanne Connolly reimagines the sexual dynamics in Visions: Bromion’s violence does less to blunt than to sharpen Oothoon’s own sexual desire, which she proceeds to impose upon Theotormon, whom it is possible to read as not only another victim of Bromion’s ‘thunders’ but as an emasculated Onanist perceived by Oothoon—in an echo of Graham—as sexually deviant and self-polluting for his rejection of all alloerotic stimulation. Oothoon is a hybrid of Sade’s Justine and Juliette: she is a victim of sexualised violence but also sexually aggressive in her own way. Connolly’s paper productively complicates what has too often been a simplistic understanding of Oothoon as a mere victim, a reading that founders when we attempt to square it with her Grahamian promotion of sexual union and notorious offer to procure women for Theotormon. In this way, Oothoon moves past the typical categories available to women in the Gothic—either angel or monster, either virginal victim or wicked whore.

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