Aleksi Ylönen
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Engaging foreign powers for regime survival
The relative autonomy of coastal Horn of Africa states in their relations with Gulf countries
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The chapter discusses the relations between three coastal Horn of Africa states; Eritrea; Somalia and Sudan; and leading Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries and their rivals in the context of the Saudi-Iran competition; war in Yemen and Qatar diplomatic crisis. In an attempt to understand the motivations and strategies of leaderships in the three coastal Horn states in their engagement with the GCC countries; it focuses on the recent intensifying relations across the Red Sea. The chapter argues that in spite of their weaknesses; the regimes in the Horn of Africa have been able to maintain sufficient autonomy in their external relations to take advantage of the GCC overtures in a variable degree. The extent to which they have adjusted and diversified their foreign relations appears to be largely dictated by their need to prioritise regime survival against primarily domestic threats.

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The Gulf States and the Horn of Africa

Interests, influences and instability

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