Agnieszka Jezyk
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Lev Nikulin
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Monsters of history
A tour of the cinematic Slavic cemetery
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The chapter provides a textual tour of Slavic graveyards in Russian and Polish horror films of this transitional time: Marek Piestrak’s She-Wolf (1983) and The Return of the She-Wolf (1990), Oleg Teptsov’s Master Designer (1988), Andrzej Żuławski’s She-Shaman (1996) and Aleksandr Itygilov’s The Humble Cemetery (1989). We look at the function of the graveyard in the period during which it became a holding and processing mechanism for historical memories and traumas as well as a conceptual bridge between irreconcilable eras. In our case studies, two directors use cemeteries to deal with the past (Marek Piestrak and Oleg Teptsov), and two use them to look ahead to an uncertain future (Andrzej Żuławski and Aleksandr Itygilov). These films utilise the imagery of graves and graveyards to bring expressions of cultural anxiety and elements of social critique into Gothic narratives. Despite radically different geopolitical positions and historical legacies, and idiosyncratic cinematic styles, these East European directors all present cemeteries and tombs as places and objects that transform history from experience into discourse. Emphasising themes such as historical trauma, and gender and class relations, we are inspired by, among others, Mikhail Bakhtin’s concept of the chronotope, George Bataille’s notion of inner experience, Susan Signe Morrison’s view on history as waste, and Walter Benjamin’s vision of debris of history.

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