Bill Hughes
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Rebellion, treachery, and glamour
Lady Caroline Lamb’s Glenarvon, Polidori, and the progress of the Romantic vampire
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Bill Hughes shows how, in her 1816 novel Glenarvon, Byron’s spurned lover Lady Caroline Lamb turned her own attraction‒repulsion to the poet into a Gothic and sentimental fiction of amatory seduction and betrayal alongside political revolt. Here, the eponymous Glenarvon is notably Byronic, feeding off Byron’s own self-fashioning and Lamb’s mimicry of him, while drawing on Milton and Richardson. Glenarvon takes part in the anticolonial Irish Rebellion of 1803, inciting the people with his rhetoric and personal charm. Glenarvon’s political persuasiveness is linked to his sexual glamour. Glenarvon’s women themselves become Byronic; Byronism is an infection, like vampirism. With all these conflicting forces, Lamb’s novel shifts between an anti-Jacobin stance and radicalism. Polidori’s revision of Ruthven strips away Lamb’s ambivalence, but by clearly marking the aristocratic demon lover as both Byronic and a vampire, inaugurates a literary archetype. Yet many of Ruthven’s descendants, in Gothic and paranormal romance, resurrect the alluring mix of rebellion and faithlessness that Lamb depicted and whose progress is traced in this chapter.

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The legacy of John Polidori

The Romantic vampire and its progeny

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