Victoria Bladen
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The forest palimpsest in As You Like It and the medieval imaginary
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The forest in the medieval and early modern imaginary comprised a rich palimpsest of various layers, intersecting and often contradictory. Forests were threatening spaces yet also offered rich resources for use and exploitation. Forested space was linked to royal bodies and subject to the King’s control, yet it was also the sphere of the outlaw and exile. In the forest, nature could be readable as divine text or present an indecipherable labyrinth, a zone of disguise and invisibility, of inversion and confusion. As Robert Pogue Harrison has demonstrated, civilization defined itself against the forest, carving out its identity by ‘opening’ up the forest, yet wild nature haunted civilized humanity, holding up a mirror to human nature. In Shakespeare’s As You Like It (1603), the forest is a silent yet resonant character that facilitates exile, disguise, gender role reversal, pastoral impulses, meditative contemplation, eco-empathy, and an alternative centre of political power. All of these factors, this chapter argues, are indebted to a complex medieval inheritance that encompassed constructions of the forest in diverse literary genres, performance, art, and folklore, one that included the figures of Robin Hood, the Green Man, and the iconography of the Tree of Life. Our reading of Shakespeare’s forest is rendered more nuanced and less opaque when placed in dialogue with the medieval arboreal imaginary.

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Medieval afterlives

Transforming traditions in Shakespeare and early English drama

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