Deborah Weiss
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Death by despair
Fatal melancholia in The Victim of Prejudice
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Chapter three focuses on an admirable heroine who, like Fenwick’s Sibella, is psychologically destroyed by guardianship, libertinage, and Rousseauvian educational ideas. In Hays’ hands, the guardian is enlightened and well-meaning, not retrograde and tyrannical; nonetheless, he injures the heroine, Mary Raymond, by following Rousseauvian ideas about isolating children to preserve them from social contamination. The chapter examines Mary’s battles with melancholia as she struggles to recover from her privileged lover’s abandonment and her sexual assault by a powerful man and attempts to avoid her mother’s fate as a fallen woman. Through Mary’s story, Hays makes the point that women’s mental disease comes directly from their disadvantaged position in relation to men, and most particularly from libertinage in its most destructive form—as a social practice that controls women through sexual assault. In contrast to both Wrongs of Woman and Secresy, Victim of Prejudice never considers the role of sentimental literature or the romantic imagination in women’s plight, which makes the line of causality from men’s actions to women’s victimization more direct and the novel more didactic. Although it focuses much more than the other two novels on just one avenue of male control, Victim concludes, like Secresy, with the tragic death of its heroine from mental illness and with the failure of female friendship to provide shelter from male abuse. And like Secresy, Victim ends by suggesting that the only salvation for women is to write tragic novels that might prompt men to reform their ways.

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Women and madness in the early Romantic novel

Injured minds, ruined lives

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