Bikrum Gill
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Colonialism, capitalism, and planetary crisis
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Chapter two both builds upon the potentialities, and overcomes the limitations, of the world-historical approaches engaged in chapter one through a more direct theoretical and historical set of reflections on the relation between colonialism, capitalism, and planetary ecological crises. While retaining the world-historical premise of world-systems analysis and third world marxism regarding the colonial basis of the classical European transitions to capitalism, the chapter moves to overcome what I identify to be their “quantitative limitation.” Specifically, world-historical approaches have largely conceived of the function of race to colonial capitalism as providing ideological legitimation for the theft of land and labor, and the transfer of surplus from the periphery, which is understood to serve as the quantitative basis for the reproduction of the definitive qualitative capital-labor relation in the core. It is in integrating the ecological dimensions of the transition to capitalism, as chapter two demonstrates, that we are able to grasp and articulate the qualitative social-ecological relations that emerge from, and continue to structure, the colonial foundations of the capitalist world-ecology. The chapter undertakes this objective through a close engagement with the world-ecology approach to the Capitalocene, and in particular with its claim that the capitalist world-ecology is reproduced through two distinct yet co-constitutive qualitative contradictions – capital/labor and society/nature. In drawing the capitalocene into conversation with anti-colonial theory and historical ecology, the chapter ultimately demonstrates that capitalism’s founding society/nature distinction is underwritten by the racialized denial of humanity to the Indigenous peoples of the frontier.

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The Political Ecology of Colonial Capitalism

Race, Nature, and Accumulation

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