Index

Adatci, Mineichiro 180
Advisory Committee on the Traffic in Opium 137, 139–41, 143
advisory jurisdiction 178–88
Albania 62–71
Algerian War 206, 219
Allied Powers (First World War) 38–9, 63–4, 67, 70, 73–4, 85–6, 179
Allied Powers (Second World War) 204
Altamira, Rafael 180, 184
American opium policy 139–41
American Relief Administration 44, 46
Amery, Leo 24
ammunition 108, 110, 120
Anatolia 26
Angell, Norman 2
Anglo-Chinese Agreement (1907) 129
Anslinger, Harry J. 143, 145
anti-colonial politics 25, 106–8, 198–9, 213
apartheid 201, 204
arms control 104–20
arms trade 105–6, 108
Arms Trade Convention (1919) 111–19
asphyxiating gasses see chemical weapons
Asquith, Herbert Henry 133
Atlantic Charter (1941) 198
Australia 45–6, 132
Austria-Hungary 9, 21, 23–4, 26, 29, 45, 131
Austria 41
Austro-Marxists 21
Balkans 62, 69
Balkan Wars 17, 27
Bangkok Convention (1931) 127, 144–6
Bank of International Settlements 41
Battle of Annual (1921) 82
Beer, Max 161, 165–6
Belgium 60, 109–10, 112
Bidault, Georges 206, 209–11, 219
Bollaert, Émile 205
border delimitation see delimitation
Bourgeois, Léon 179–80
Brailsford, Henry 22–3
Branting, Hjalmar 116, 119
Brazzaville Conference (1944) 200–1, 203–8, 217–18
Brent, Charles 127–8, 130–4, 140–1
Briand, Aristide 61, 73
Britain see United Kingdom
British Commonwealth 19, 208
British Dominions 24, 39, 48, 60, 208
British Empire 60, 104–7, 147
British North Borneo 135–7, 141, 143
Brussels Declaration (1874) 83
Caldwell, John 142–4
Cecil, Lord Robert 115–19, 158, 179
Challe, Maurice 219
Chamberlain, Austen 185
Chatham House see Royal Institute of International Affairs
chemical weapons 81–99
Chirol, Valentine 26
‘civilising mission’ 84, 116, 205, 218
chlorine see chemical weapons
Churchill, Winston 104
Clarac, Achille 214
Cochinchina 209–10
Colombia 40
colonialism 4, 25, 28, 72–3, 84, 88, 90–2, 97–8, 104–9, 113–14, 127–30, 135–6, 145–6, 198–221
Commonwealth see British Commonwealth
Conference of Ambassadors 57, 62–73, 186–7
Congo Free State 49, 60, 222
Convention for Limiting the Manufacture and Regulating the Distribution of Narcotics (1931) 144
Coombe Tennant, Winifred 152, 167–72
Corfu incident (1923) 74
Crowdy, Rachel 43, 167, 169–70
Da Lat Conference (1946) 203–4, 208, 210–12, 215
Dalberg-Acton, John 22, 24
d’Argenlieu, Thierry 206, 208–12, 214–16
Darlan, François 204
Davies, David 3
Davis, John W. 136–7
decolonisation 20, 198–201, 204, 216, 218–19, 221
Decoux, Jean 204
de Gaulle, Charles 198–200, 203–9, 211, 216–19
Delevingne, Malcolm 137, 142–3
delimitation 58, 64–74, 185–7
Delimitation Commission 64–6, 185–7
demarcation 62–4
Deschamps, Edouard 179
diplomacy
‘new diplomacy’ 6, 8, 113, 118–20
‘open diplomacy’ 18, 155–9, 165–73
‘secret diplomacy’ 155, 171
disarmament 37, 42, 104–6, 114–19, 158
Disarmament Committee (League of Nations) 115–17
Dorpat, Peace Treaty see Tartu, Peace Treaty (1920)
drug control 127–46
Drummond, Eric 64, 167
Du Bois, W. E. B. 96–7
Dutch East Indies see Netherlands, the, Netherlands East Indies (Indonesia)
Eastern Carelia (Karelia) 183–5, 189–90
Egypt 106–8
Entente Cordiale (1904) 2
Entente Powers see Allied Powers (First World War)
Ethiopia 81–99
ethnonationalism see nationalism
European Court of Human Rights (ECHR) 190
Far East French Expeditionary Corps 206
Fernandes, Raul 180
First Indochina War (1946–54) 211–13
First World War 20–2, 26–7, 84–6, 107, 179
Fisher, H. A. L. 116–18
Fontainebleau Conference (1946) 203–4, 208–11
Forbes, W. Cameron 136
Formosa (Taiwan) 128
France 40, 86–7, 92, 109, 112, 114, 130–2, 134, 166–7, 169–71, 177, 198–221
French Union 202–5, 208–9
Fried, Alfred H. 2
gas warfare see chemical weapons
Geneva 9, 114, 152–4, 157–61, 165–6
Geneva Opium Convention (1925) 141–4, 189
Geneva Protocol (1925) 10, 82–3, 87–90, 93, 96–8
Ghadar movement 106
Gilmore, Grant 190
Great Britain see United Kingdom
Greco-Turkish population exchange 27–9
Greece 26–8, 58, 62–3, 67–8, 185
Greenwood, Arthur 2, 22
Grey, Edward 130, 133
gun control 104–20
Habsburg monarchy see Austria-Hungary
Hagerup, Francis 180
Hague, The 180–1
Hague Conferences
First Hague Conference (1899) 59–60, 83, 85–6
Second Hague Conference (1907) 83, 85–6
Hague Convention (1912) see International Opium Convention (1912)
Haile Selassie 10, 91, 93–5, 99
‘Hai Phong Incident’ 203–4, 211–12, 215
Harding, Warren 111, 137
Harrison, Francis 135–7
Hatay, State of 201
Health Organisation see League of Nations, Health Organisation
Hoare-Laval Pact (1935) 98
Hobson, J. A. 22
Howard-Ellis, Charles 165
Hudson, Manley O. 177–8, 188–91
humanitarianism viii, 27, 33–4, 35, 37, 84, 167–8
humanitarian aid ix, 4, 43–8, 169
humanitarian law 86, 94
human rights 20, 43–5
Hurst, Cecil 116
Hymans Report (1920) 40
‘idealism’ in International Relations 5, 152, 173
imperialism 9–10, 17–24, 41, 60–2, 72–3, 104–120, 164, 200–2, 217
India 60, 104–9, 130–3, 198, 201
Indochina 198–221
inquiry commission 55–74, 143–4
Interministerial Committee for Indochina (COMINDO) 206, 209–11
International Anti-Opium Association 137
International Committee of the Red Cross 46, 85, 90
International Court of Justice (ICJ) 189–90
International Federation of League of Nation Societies 162
international jurisdiction 179–91
International Labour Organisation (ILO) 43–5, 181
international law 7–8, 38–9, 44–7, 86–9, 111, 119, 179–91
International Opium Commission of Shanghai (1909) 131–2
International Opium Convention (1912) 127, 131, 133–5, 138, 141, 146
international order 3, 116
International Relations (academic discipline of) viii, 2, 6–8, 15, 20, 22, 25, 79, 92, 102
International Relief Union 46
International Tribunal of the Law of the Sea (ITLOS) 190
internationalism, historiography of 3–6, 22–5, 105, 113–16, 156
IR see International Relations (academic discipline of)
Ireland 18, 24
Japan 92–3, 96, 103, 109, 112, 128, 130–1, 134, 204, 206, 208
Joint Commission of ‘the Opium Trade and the Opium Habit in the Far East’ 130
Kellogg-Briand Pact 1
Kelsen, Hans 36
Kitchener, Herbert 107
Kosovo 40
LaMotte, Ellen N. 138–9
Lange, Christian 115–16
Lapradelle, Albert de 180–2
Larnaude, Fernand 179
League of Nations 5, 9
Assembly 10, 55, 57–8, 60–1 63–4, 86, 89, 94–5, 114, 117–20, 119–20, 152–77, 179–81, 183, 186, 189–90
Council 10, 38–40, 55, 57–8, 60–71, 73, 75–6, 78, 82, 97–8, 114, 117–18, 153–4, 162–3, 177, 179–90
Covenant 37–9, 40, 42–8, 58, 60, 94–5, 156, 168, 177, 179–81, 186, 189–91
Health Organisation 43, 47, 92
Information Section 157, 164
Inquiry see inquiry commission
Secretariat 39, 46–7, 56, 58, 61, 64–73, 76, 78–9, 118–19, 153
League of Nations Union 2, 161
Leclerc, Philippe 211
Lenin, Vladimir 21
liberal internationalism 5, 105, 113–15, 117
liminality 92–3, 98
Loder, Bernard 180
London Peace Conference see Conference of Ambassadors
Low, David 81–2
Lux, Štefan 163
Lytton Commission 57
Macedonia 28–9
Madariaga, Salvador de 61, 73
Maisky, Ivan 2
Manchurian crisis 57–8, 61
mandate system 25, 39–40, 88, 153, 199–202
Mandatory Palestine 18, 28
March, Peyton C. 88
Maritza question 185–6, 189
Masaryk, Thomas 23
Meinich, Jens Christian 65
Mello Franco, Afranio de 186
Memel dispute 40
Mill, John Stewart 24
Miller, David Hunter 179
Milner, Alfred 112
minoritisation 27–9
minority protection 27–8, 43–5
Mirdita 63, 66, 68
Moltke, Frederick 65, 67
Moore, John Bassett 181
‘moral disarmament’ 42, 115, 158
Moutet, Marius 208, 212
Muir, Ramsay 23
multilateralism 4, 7, 10, 91–2, 127–30, 136, 145–6, 152–3
Murray, Gilbert 17–19
Nansen passport 45
narcotics 60–1, 127–46
nationalism 1, 9, 17, 19, 22, 24–7, 31, 35, 45, 51, 85, 106, 140, 153, 198, 208–9, 214, 218, 221
Nehru, Jawaharlal 198, 201
Netherlands, the 130–2, 134, 142, 185
Netherlands East Indies (Indonesia) 133, 226
‘new diplomacy’ see diplomacy
New Europe 23–4
non-governmental organisations (NGOs) 35, 46
Nordic Inter-Parliamentary Union 115
North Borneo see British North Borneo
noxious gases see chemical weapons
obscene publications 166–72
‘old diplomacy’ see diplomacy
opium trade 10, 56–8, 127–46, 167, 205, 223
Organisation de l’Armée secrète 219
Orientalism 26, 91
Orlando, Vittorio E. 179
Ottoman empire 9, 18, 26, 29, 39, 41, 49, 62, 107
Palais des Nations 160–2
Palestine see Mandatory Palestine
Paris Peace Conference (1919–20) 17, 24, 62, 105, 109, 153, 179
‘Paris system’ 26–7
‘Parliament of the World’ see League of Nations, Assembly
Pashtuns 104, 113
Pelletier, Thomas 138
Permanent Armaments Commission (PAC) 114–15, 118
Permanent Central Opium Board 145
Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) 59–60, 178–80
Permanent Court of International Justice (PCIJ) 92, 177–91
Persian Gulf 105, 107–13
Philippine Opium Committee 127–8
Philippines 127–46, 199, 214–17
Phillimore, Walter 179–80
phosgene see chemical weapons
Pignon, Léon 212–15
Politis, Nikolaos 36, 188
Ponsonby, Arthur 2
population transfers 27–8
Pourtalès, M. H. de 65, 68
‘practices’ in International Relations 7–8, 20, 27–9, 36, 57–9, 71–4, 152, 155–6, 165–6, 171–3, 200–3, 217–21
Prentiss, Augustin 89–90
‘preventive adjudication’ 177–91
public opinion 66, 87, 93, 114, 138–40, 155–8, 168–73
quasi-state structures 199–200, 209, 214, 220
racism 9–11, 21, 43, 69–70, 92, 99, 105–6, 111, 116–17, 164, 198–205, 216–19
Radio Nations 157
‘realism’ in International Relations 5, 173
Red Cross see International Committee of the Red Cross
Reynaud, Paul 168–70
Ricci-Busatti, Arturo 180
Rif War (1921–26) 82, 88–90, 93, 96
Rockefeller Foundation 44
Roosevelt, Theodore 131
Root, Elihu 180
Royal Institute of International Affairs 2–3, 17–18
Russia 183–4
Sainteny, Jean 208
Salan, Raoul 215, 219
Salandra, Antonio 184
Salle de la Réformation 158–61
sanctions 5, 38–9, 82, 87–8, 91–3, 97–8
Satow, Ernest 7
Save the Children International Union 46
Schaefer, Charles 65
Schmitt, Carl 36
Sederholm, Jakob Johannes 65, 67–71
self-determination 3–5, 9, 17–29, 38–9, 198–200
self-government 22, 24, 26, 40, 91, 96
Seton-Watson, Robert 23
Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs (1961) 146
Sino-Japanese War (1937–45) 82, 92
small-arms control see gun control
Smuts, Jan 115
social contract theory 19
sovereignty 5, 8–11, 18–22, 25, 35–49, 91–9, 198–203, 208–9, 211–12, 215–21, 226
statehood 9, 19, 25, 36–9, 43, 83, 153, 164, 202, 204
statelessness 20, 44–5
Statute on Freedom of Transit (1921) 189
Statute on the International Régime of Railways (1923) 189
submarines 86, 89
sulfur mustard see chemical weapons
Survey of International Affairs 27
suzerainty 40
Sykes, Mark 107–8, 116
Taezaz, Lorenzo 93
Taft, William Howard 60
Tartu, Peace Treaty (1920) 183–4
tear gas see chemical weapons
Temporary Mixed Commission on Armaments (TMC) 42, 118
Tenney, Charles 131
territorial disputes 2, 9, 17, 28–9, 39–40, 56, 58, 62, 68–74
territoriality (of political organisations) 17–18, 24–5, 39–41, 43–5, 91, 129, 202
The Hague see Hague, The
Thesleff, Rolf 65
Thomas, Albert 181
Tirana 65
Toynbee, Arnold J. 18–19
Treadway, Walter Lewis 145
Treaty of Lausanne (1923) 26–7, 185
Treaty of Versailles (1919) 40, 45, 86, 114, 138
Treaty relating to the Use of Submarines and Noxious Gases in Warfare (1922) 86–7
Turkey 17, 26–7, 185–6, 201
Ukraine x, 5
Union of Democratic Control 22
United Kingdom 10, 17, 24, 46, 92, 99, 105–15, 129–37, 142–3, 162, 166–7, 169–70, 177, 201
United Nations (UN) 4–5
Charter 198–9, 217
Security Council (UNSC) 190
United States of America 87–8, 97, 112, 127–46, 162–3, 182, 188, 198, 203–4, 214–15
Valluy, Jean 212, 215
Vietnam 198–221
Visscher, Charles de 183, 188
Viviani, René 114–16, 118
Wal-Wal incident (1934) 81
Washburn Wright, Elizabeth 136
Washington Naval Conference (1921–22) 42
Weber, Max 36
Westphalian system 36, 45
Wettum, W. G. van 142
Wilson, Woodrow 21, 25, 37–8, 60, 111, 136, 156, 179
‘Wilsonianism’ 21, 25
Wilsonian liberalism 38
‘Wilsonian sovereignty’ 37
Women’s International League for Peace and Freedom (WILPF) 2
Woolf, Leonard 22
World Court see Permanent Court of International Justice (PCIJ)
World Disarmament Conference (1932) 158
‘world-making’ 20, 24
Wright, Hamilton 131–2, 136
Young, Sanborn 144
Young Men’s Christian Association 46
Yugoslavia 56, 62–3, 66, 171
Yugoslav Wars (1991–2001) 19
Zamoyski, Maurice 187
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Instruments of international order

Internationalism and diplomacy, 1900–50

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9781526172570
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Cover Building a peace economy?

Building a peace economy?

Liberal peacebuilding and the development-security industry

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Online Publication Date:
21 Feb 2018
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  1. Politics
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This book critically examines the range of policies and programmes that attempt to manage economic activity that contributes to political violence. Beginning with an overview of over a dozen policies aimed at transforming these activities into economic relationships which support peace, not war, the book then offers a sustained critique of the reasons for limited success in this policy field. The inability of the range of international actors involved in this policy area, the Development-Security Industry (DSI), to bring about more peaceful political-economic relationships is shown to be a result of liberal biases, resulting conceptual lenses and operational tendencies within this industry. A detailed case study of responses to organised crime in Kosovo offers an in-depth exploration of these problems, but also highlights opportunities for policy innovation. This book offers a new framework for understanding both the problem of economic activity that accompanies and sometimes facilitates violence and programmes aimed at managing these forms of economic activity. Summaries of key arguments and frameworks, found within each chapter, provide accessible templates for both students and aid practitioners seeking to understand war economies and policy reactions in a range of other contexts. It also offers insight into how to alter and improve policy responses in other cases. As such, the book is accessible to a range of readers, including students interested in peace, conflict and international development as well as policy makers and practitioners seeking new ways of understanding war economies and improving responses to them.
Cover Pockets of resistance

Pockets of resistance

British news media, war and theory in the 2003 invasion of Iraq

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16 May 2016
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This book analyses British news media coverage of the 2003 invasion of Iraq. It describes the analytical framework that serves as the basis for theoretically informed and systematic analysis of wartime media performance. The book synthesises a range of models, hypotheses and explanatory variables to set out a framework composed of three models of news media performance: the elite-driven model, the independent model and the oppositional model. It provides three case studies which, in different ways, illuminate each model of news media performance in wartime. The three case studies include the case of Jessica Lynch, the case of Ali Abbas and the case of the anti-war movement. The book then presents an account of how the relationship between foreign policy, news media and war might be expected to operate, based on current theoretical understanding. In order to place British coverage of the invasion in context, the book offers brief summaries of the structure and character of Britain's television news services and its press. The book provides an analysis of the ways in which the news media's visual depictions of the war reinforced supportive coverage. It is devoted to documenting and analysing evidence for negotiated and oppositional coverage. The book also examines the representation of civilian casualties, military casualties and humanitarian operations across both television and press, three subject areas that generated a good deal of media criticism.
Cover The United States Supreme Court

The United States Supreme Court

A political and legal analysis, Second edition

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16 Jun 2020
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The United States Supreme Court is an important, exciting and controversial institution. This book includes the major decisions of the 2014 and 2015 Supreme Court Term. It examines some of the fascinating policy issues that are central to the Court by examining its contemporary agenda. The book analyses the Court's major decisions on controversial issues such as race, abortion, capital punishment and gay rights. It explains the ideas that underpinned the creation of the Supreme Court in the first place and how and why it has changed over the years. The book then investigates how the framers of the Constitution envisaged the nature and the role of the Supreme Court, and how and why these have evolved. With examples, it also explains the process by which the personal, the judicial and the political are interwoven in some of the Court's most important cases. Next, the book takes up the specifically judicial and legal basics of the Court's structure and processes and looks at the rules and procedures that govern the Justices' work. The key concept of judicial review, the source of the Court's power is then examined. The book moves on to analyse one of the most controversial features of the contemporary Supreme Court, the process of appointing new Justices, and examines the politicisation of the appointment process. Finally, it explores how powerful is the Court and what is its role in American government and politics.