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objective of instilling national pride: a national curriculum, it is argued, should serve the ends of state. The suggested solution, now as in the 1980s, is a return to a ‘golden age’ of history teaching: a golden age characterised by a content-led curriculum, devoid of educational theory, and intended primarily to promote national identity. 2 One prompt for this study, then, is the desire to enquire what
also suggest that changing attitudes about how England should be governed are tied up with changes in attitudes to national identity, with a sense of Englishness becoming more important for many. While most people have a dual sense of English and British identity, ‘there is evidence to suggest that we are witnessing the emergence in recent decades of a different kind of Anglo-British identity, in which the English component is increasingly considered the primary source of attachment for the English’ (Ibid: 3). We have also already noted in Chapter 1 the increased
1 Saint-Pierre’s exiles: myths of origins and national identity Sites of romantic inspiration: the Cameron’s island homes In 1860, shortly after the Camerons had settled close to the Tennysons in Freshwater, Julia Margaret wrote to her husband Charles, who was then in Ceylon, the island colony located just off the south-eastern tip of India: ‘This island might equal your island now for richness of effects.’1 These might seem like incongruous sentiments, since at the time Charles was not travelling abroad for leisure or recreation, like a tourist; but rather, as
perceived threat EEC membership posed to national sovereignty and national identity. Macmillan’s thoughts thus constituted a reluctant response to the subjects of this study, the opponents of Britain’s first attempt to join the EEC, between 1961 and 1963. As we shall see, the counterpoint to the Prime Minister’s cautious public posture on the Common Market was an enthusiasm among these early Eurosceptics, known as ‘anti-Marketeers’, for making Britishness the focal point. One week before Macmillan’s speech, for instance, Rene MacColl of the Daily Express wrote, Loss of
nationalism through the ‘banal’ everyday framing of concerns and aspirations in terms which reflect traditional rhetoric of nationalist ideology. Following Anthony Smith’s influential definition, nationalist ideology is understood as embodying a set of three core ideals, namely national identity, autonomy and unity (2001: 24–8). In line with scholarship on contemporary nationalism (see, for example, Finlayson, 1998 ; Edensor, 2002 ), trade union appropriations of
1 Silent landscapes: rural settings, national identity and British silent cinema Andrew Higson Landscape and national cinema Since the beginnings of cinema in the 1890s, landscape has played a crucial role in the development of British national cinema. A sense of national specificity in British films has been asserted in part through the representation of particular types of place, and through presenting such places in particular ways. From short scenic films in the late 1890s and early 1900s to the heritage films of the late twentieth and early twenty
constructed through friendship, of which this cinematic project is an important example. 9 See the above discussion of this notion in the section on the happy ending in L’Argent fait le bonheur. 103 Themes and variation 103 National identity: solitude, communism, friendship as resistance Le Promeneur du Champ de Mars (2005) Guédiguian’s next film could hardly be set in a more distant political territory from proximity politics. In part, this is because Le Promeneur du Champ de Mars was a commission. In 2003, old friend Frank Le Wita came to Guédiguian with the
, a number of factors can be detected in the Spanish case that at once conditioned and complicated the process of constructing a national identity. Still, it should be stressed that these problems or conflictive issues were not substantially different from those affecting the formation of other identities – which later became national – in the early modern age, including the most successful ones. ALVAREZ PRINT.indd 40 09/06/2011 11:06 Factors conditioning inherited identity 41 A Nation or just a Monarchy? The first thing one notices in the early expressions of
this blood claim might mean, and the relationship of that claim to national identity, is not straightforward, for just as the professed ethnicity and declared place of birth were inconsistent in 1901, so the modern conceptualisation of ancestral descent lacks standardisation across ethnicities and jurisdictions. 4 Further clouding understanding of transnational identities are
23 v 7 v Symbolic resistance (coups de cœur) Members of the wider population expressed their patriotism through symbolic gestures, constituting a different form of resistance. Other scholars have labelled this ‘symbolic resistance’,1 ‘moral opposition’ or a ‘patriotic religion’2 that demonstrated both the population’s loyalty to France and its refusal to be subdued by the Germans. The commonplace patriotism studied here was a marker of the Third Republic’s success in fostering and promoting national identity and ‘civic nationalism’.3 This is particularly apt