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give out the study packs and assist people in completing the survey where needed. We also utilised our existing networks, including social media and our contacts with local service user and carer groups, to publicise the study. Together, these activities help the study team to collect all the data that they needed. 81 BEE (RESEARCH) PRINT.indd 81 11/05/2018 16:15 Reflective exercise Think of a healthcare technology and imagine that you are designing an economic evaluation for that technology. • What would it be compared to? costs would you include in the
Measure (or PROM) – a questionnaire, completed by a service user, to measure quality involvement in care planning. We met as a group to draft the questions and discuss how they should be worded. As PPI representatives and researchers, we used our existing networks, including social media and our contacts with local service user and carer groups, to get as many people as possible to complete our new questionnaire. This gave us lots of data and meant that we could validate the measure properly. We have been able to develop a short 14-item questionnaire that is valid and
, digital forum discussions, social media posts and video recordings. For example, when interviewing participants about their experience of living with a chronic condition, you may want to ask them to capture their experience using photographs. These can be treated as a unit of data and analysed thematically in addition to the transcripts from interviews, and presented to support interpretations. (Figure 27) 112 BEE (RESEARCH) PRINT.indd 112 11/05/2018 16:16 A Research Handbook for Patient and Public Involvement Researchers Figure 27 Example of photographic data
damaging to participants if their identity was obvious or revealed, and this could even result in legal harm for you or for those with whom you are working. Thus it is important not to be dismissive of the potential ramifications of activities and to think realistically about any potential harm that might arise. Sometimes we might be involved in an activity where there are potential ethical risks; for instance, you may be a researcher with an interest in teen eating disorders who plans to use social media to engage around a particular activity. It’s likely that
, dismissive or misleading questions (Rose, 2003) ✔ Insight into what might cause distress and how to manage this appropriately (Nicholls et al., 2003) ✔ Feedback on proposal and all supporting documentation (e.g. participant information sheets, consent forms, adverts etc.) Once a study has all the necessary approvals, it can begin to recruit research participants. The precise recruitment strategy that is used will have been outlined in the ethics submission. It could, for example, include recruiting in person at clinics, or via poster display, or via social media. Patient
easier access for people with mobility issues. Not only that, but the lecture capacity extended from three hundred people per hour to 1,600 per hour – which meant we could run a parallel programme of exciting events … We added in lots more family friendly interactive experiments, social media buildup, arts showcases and musical entertainment, and in 2010, the new festival format was launched.’ Over the course of the day the festival now includes a variety of activities, from those designed for young people, including hands-on activities and demonstrations, to talks
be writing an essay that examines the impacts that social media have had on everyday life. Social media are the objects that you will be writing about. There is a range of different concepts that you might use to explore the object of social media, for example Castells’ (2009) concept of ‘network society’. It is helpful to be able to explain to the reader that you will focus on a particular object, which might be stipulated in the essay question or might be of your choice. Defining and exemplifying your objects is crucial to helping set the boundaries for your
’ essays to include any of the nifty ways of evading conventional spelling that developed when the length of texts (SMS) was restricted and are perpetuated in the strict limits on the number of characters of social media such as Twitter. So be sure never to write ‘u’ for you, ‘tx’ for thanks or ‘gr8’ for great. Just the same rationale applies to knowing how to punctuate properly. Editing and proof-reading proceed more smoothly (and even early drafting to sort out your thoughts can work more easily) if the basics of punctuation feel like second nature. So, given