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Imperial and Commonwealth History , 14, 1986, 35. 11 Ronald Hyam, Empire and Sexuality the British Experience , Manchester, 1990 , 201. 12 Christopher Bayly, British Society and the Making of the English Empire
-Foreign Perceptions (Kolkata: Sankar Mondal, 2004 ), p. 233. 25 R. Hyam, Empire and Sexuality (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1991 ), p. 116; V. Brendon, Children of the Raj (London: Phoenix, 2006 ), p. 43. 26 In 1791 Eurasians, or ‘Anglo
wake of the late-nineteenth-century metropolitan ‘purity’ movement, so that by the 1920s ‘the red-light districts of Bombay, Singapore and Hong Kong were all under moralistic scrutiny’. 41 Yet if British colonial sexuality had to become more discreet in its expression, the experience of Hong Kong suggests that the relationship between Empire and sexuality remained prominent. It is not too much to
Francis Warren, Ah Ku and Karayuki-San: Prostitution in Singapore 1870–1940 (Singapore: Oxford University Press, 1993), pp. 64–76, 100–1. 23 Ronald Hyam, Empire and Sexuality: The British Experience (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1992), p. 144
say: to avenge themselves for the injustice done to them by us, the Negroes –or rather the Surinamese –have given us this legacy [of leprosy] [my translation]’. Van Woensel, ‘West-Indische fragmenten’, p. 51. 42 42 Leprosy and colonialism 56 Schilling, Verhandeling, pp. 29– 32. On sexual relations in Suriname between Europeans and Africans: van Stipriaan, ‘Surinaams contrast’, p. 396; Buddingh’, Geschiedenis, pp. 65–9. On other Caribbean colonies: R. Hyam, Empire and Sexuality: The British Experience (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1990), pp
–26; Mary Wilson Carpenter, ‘“A bit of her flesh”: Circumcision and the Significance of the Phallus in Daniel Deronda’, Genders , 1 (1988), 1–23; Davison, Anti-Semitism and British Gothic Literature , p. 12. For historical and cultural discussions of circumcision see Ronald Hyam, Empire and Sexuality: The British Experience (Manchester and New York: Manchester
, 1990); Jeffrey Richards (ed.), Imperialism and Juvenile Literature (Manchester, 1989) ; Ronald Hyam, Empire and Sexuality: The British Experience (Manchester, 1990) ; John M. MacKenzie (ed.), Popular Imperialism and the Military, 1850–1950 (Manchester, 1992). 90 Anandi Ramamurthy, Imperial Persuaders
:68 (April 1977 ), 323–41; 17:69 (October 1977), 474–88; Ronald Hyam, Empire and Sexuality: The British Experience (Manchester, Manchester University Press, 1990 ), 142–3. 17 See the appeal to the Japanese government (dated 1 May 1918), signed by the heads of the Japanese Residents’ Associations of Vladivostok, Harbin, Iman, Nikolsk and Spassk-Dal’nyi; it cautions the authorities on the use of military force in the region. Reprinted in Shinobu Seizaburô, Taishô seiji shi (A Political History of
, Uplifting the Race: Black Leadership, Politics, and Culture in the Twentieth Century , Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 1996, p. 28. 44 Quoted in: Gaines, Uplifting the Race , p. 28. 45 Hazel Carby, ‘“On the Threshold of Woman's Era”: Lynching, Empire, and Sexuality in Black Feminist
December 1945. 17 In 1939 the proportion of officers to men was 1:15 and in 1945 the ratio was 1:13. See D. Fraser, And We Shall Shock Them: The British Army in the Second World War (London: Cassell, 1999), p. 52. 18 See TNA, ADM 156/258A, Report of Court Martial, indecent assault on board HMS Jamaica: remarks by Naval Law Branch, 1944. 19 The same tabulations were not possible for the RAF or the Navy. 20 J. Ellis, The World War II Databook (London: BCA, 1993), p. 229. 21 One of the best known proponents of this view is Ronald Hyam. In Empire and Sexuality he