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This chapter considers the benefits of, and an approach to, undertaking research as part of the task of a trauma centre. Ongoing research into the changing needs of communities affected by emergency or conflict is fundamental to informing policy, advocating for service development, supporting the needs-directed commissioning of services and training, and to developing practice
6 Defence research and genetic engineering: fears and dissociation in the 1970s Jon Agar and Brian Balmer1 On 4 May 1978 a letter was sent to the Arms Control and Disarmament Department (ACDD) at the UK Foreign and Commonwealth Office (FCO) raising concerns about cutting-edge genetics and biological warfare. The letter came not from a scientist, but from a distinguished historian, Michael Howard, then the Chichele Professor of the History of War at Oxford University. Howard had recently discussed the possible uses of genetic engineering for military means with
I introduced some participants in Chapter 1 . Diane and Misha came from one part of the city I call Hill district and Rachel from Church district. In this chapter I introduce the districts and describe the methods I used to conduct the fieldwork this book is based on. The approach to gathering knowledge I use is interpretivist and the methodology is to research with an ethnographic sensibility. For readers unfamiliar with ethnographic methods or wanting to read more, I have included additional detail about the methods in the Appendix. For readers not
the late nineteenth century, significant investments into burgeoning new fields such as bacteriology? This certainly seems to be the case if we look at laboratories such as the Onderstepoort Veterinary Institute in South Africa, which spearheaded cutting-edge research that set the agenda for metropolitan organisations. 1 We need to ask whether the research carried out at institutes in India, such as the
13 Interdisciplinary research programme in Chiapas Felix M. Bivens Context The Interdisciplinary Programme on Human Development was launched in 1995. Members of the Autonomous University of Mexico (UAM) Rural Development Programme had been working in the area for some years before that; however, the rise of the Zapatista movement in 1994 caused these academics to refocus their work under a human development approach ‘oriented towards guaranteed human rights to the whole population’ (Cortez Ruiz, 2003, p. 47). The work of the Human Development programme is
173 6 Social research and state planning Introduction The First Programme for Economic Expansion was launched in 1958. By the early 1960s the scope of programming was widening as the stagnation prevailing for most of the 1950s gave way to a period of continuous economic growth. Initial crisis conditions had enabled increased social spending to be left off the programmers’ agenda. The changed politics of increasing prosperity, as well as their own expanding ambitions, meant that this could no longer be sustained. This chapter begins by sketching Ireland’s social
2 Research frameworks: historical representations and formations of race and class meet neoliberal governance This chapter sketches out the key features of Dreamfields’ ethos before reflecting on the historical trajectories that underpin how education, urban space and formations of race, class and gender are discussed in the present. Current discourses draw on historical representations rooted in the development of industrial capitalism, classificatory mechanisms and empire. The chapter also explores the post-structural, feminist and post-colonial thinkers that
11 The donation of embryos for research: maintaining trust Heidi Mertes Background There are few areas of research that are as contentious as research on human embryos. Even within Europe, very diverse policies have been developed in regard to embryo research. Some countries – such as Germany, Ireland and Poland – strictly prohibit the destruction of embryos in research, based on the argument that embryo research violates the dignity of human life and/or conflicts with religious teachings. Other countries – such as the UK, Sweden and Belgium – not only allow
In 1941 the Colonial Office made a commitment to fund scientific research into the chemistry of sugar. If sugar cane could be used to make plastics, building materials, drugs and other synthetic products, then it was hoped the British West Indies would find themselves in the fortunate position of being producers of a lucrative raw material for the chemical industry rather than a low-value foodstuff. This was a vision that endowed laboratory research with the power to transform the economic and social life of the British West Indies. But how
139 5 The institutionalisation of Irish social research Introduction The injection of resources into Ireland’s scientific research infrastructure at the end of the 1950s created two new social science research producers –the Rural Economy Division of An Foras Taluntais and the ERI. In the former rural sociology took a recognised place alongside a variety of other agriculture-relevant disciplines. In the latter, as exemplified by the letter sent by SSISI to the Ford Foundation on 20 August 1959, the distinction between the economic and the social was from the