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who coined the word ‘cyberspace,’ argue that it opens up entirely new possibilities in the human–machine interface, they frequently resort to antiquated notions of mind–body relations. What all these efforts demonstrate is that, as with the birth of any radically new idea, in order to visualize that idea and to make it meaningful to others, its creators are necessarily obliged to make at least some connections with existing ideas and ways of thinking – seeing the new in terms of the old, as it was described in Chapter 9. To a large extent, therefore, the Net, and
unobserved, was now crouching timidly, in a corner whence she could see her mother’s face. But what was a girl to Dombey and Son! In the capital of the House’s name and dignity, such a child was merely a piece of base coin that couldn’t be invested – a bad Boy – nothing more. (pp. 2–3) There is clearly a pun on ‘capital’ here. At first the word has a typographical meaning, referring to the capital ‘H’ of the ‘House of Dombey’. Then, as the sentence proceeds, the word acquires an economic meaning (‘merely a piece of base coin’). 3 The pun is effective because, in the
– variously described as indigenous, First Nations or Aboriginal – who had previously featured strongly in the canon of ethnographic film as subjects. In the 1980s, Faye Ginsburg coined the term ‘indigenous media’ to refer very specifically to these self-representational film-making projects among culturally distinctive minorities living within the ‘settler states’ that arose as result of European colonial expansion. In her original usage, the ‘media’ part of the term referred not merely to the films themselves as physical artefacts but also to the fact
historical past The word ‘racism’ appears to have been coined first in the 1930s, as the scientific construction of racial categories came under intellectual critique. The political urgency of the times was accentuated by Hitler’s rise to power in Nazi Germany. Historians frequently argue that it is ‘presentist’ to attach the late twentieth-century label
8 Resource conflict and the environment Resource conflict and environmental degradation are in reality two-sides of the same security challenge coin. Both address the issue of natural resource abundance and scarcity and how societies deal with these problems and their implications, but from vastly different perspectives. While the first addresses access and control of existing natural resources, the second addresses the environmental impact of the misuse of or declining resources. Regardless of the perspective, both present a serious threat to African peace and
such figuration incorporated anxieties which were, paradoxically, both genuinely held and ‘fantastical’. That the Gothic provides the literary provenance for much of this reportage is clear. The Gothic had influenced the reporting of particularly gruesome murders earlier in the nineteenth century, and the term ‘horripilation’ was coined to designate such journalism. 7 The
construction of a film is in some ways literary. She constructs a film, she says, as a writer constructs a text, and she has coined the term ‘cinécriture’ (ciné-writing) to describe her work. What she means by this is best described in her own words: J’ai lancé ce mot et maintenant je m’en sers pour indiquer le travail d’un cinéaste. Il renvoie à leurs cases le
longer a sign of critical approbation. The term série-Z had been coined by Nouvelle critique (no. 49) to describe the New Thriller, and adopted by Guy Hennebelle in Ecran 72 (Hennebelle 1972 : 3). 19 Its connotations were hardly flattering and the articles which accompanied its introduction highly critical although the majority of the films surveyed have little in common – certainly with regard to political ambition – with Costa-Gavras’ work: both Boisset and Cayatte had yet to venture fully into the territory of political fiction
democratic process sufficiently to allow the military to regain power. 2 Shame is thus a double satire on a pair of ‘conjoined opposites’ – the playboy and the puritan, the socialist democrat and the autocratic dictator – who are seen as two sides of the same coin: a Jekyll and Hyde of authoritarian politics. 3 In some respects this focus on Pakistani politics makes Shame a companion piece to Midnight’s Children : a ‘Pakistani’ fiction to complement the earlier ‘Indian’ fiction. The two novels, however, also differ significantly in form and
In the latter half of the twentieth century, the term ‘common heritage of mankind’ was coined as a promise to the international community, stipulating that all states would benefit equally from the areas that fell within its scope. The regime grew to encompass the deep seabed among other areas that lay beyond the sovereign jurisdiction of any one state. The deep seabed