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5 The Defence Research Committee, 1963–72 Jon Agar What is a useful and productive focus of analysis for historians of scientific governance? Committees are the natural unit of bureaucracy, and their workings are crucial in any account of either government at large1 or science policy decision making in particular.2 Since committees generate paperwork they form and organise the primary source records that are the starting point for historical research on government. However, the fact that such records are convenient is not a reason, in itself, to choose
During the 1940s the scientists engaged by the Colonial Office were generally able to undertake projects of fundamental research in the chemistry of tropical products along lines of their own choosing. The notion that scientific researchers required the freedom to select their own research problems was a principle upheld by the CPRC and also officials at the Colonial Office concerned with the operation of the CDW Acts. By the early 1950s, however, officials at the Colonial Office were concerned that the work overseen by the CPRC was not
7 ‘Opening up’ energy transitions research for development Alison Mohr The term ‘energy transition’ has gained increasing traction internationally in research and policy communities seeking tools and concepts to study and explain the transformation to more sustainable energy systems. A significant limitation of the energy transitions literature is that much of it relates to the experiences of industrialised countries in the global North attempting to transition to sustainable energy futures. Yet there is also an urgent need to understand the potential nature of
8 Theatre-based action research in Denmark Mia Husted and Ditte Tofteng Background T his chapter discusses our use of theatre and drama as tools of action research within an adult education programme at Roskilde University, Denmark. Our use of art in research is in essence embedded in the Scandinavian tradition of what we call worklife studies and adult learning. In Scandinavia, researchers within the field of worklife studies and adult learning share a history of working towards empowerment and enhanced participation in the collective development of an
4 Building community-based research capacity with communities: the PRIA experience Mandakini Pant Introduction Indian society has been traditionally divided into endogamous hereditary groups (castes) ranked by ritual status. The castes in lower hierarchy were historically associated with ritually impure occupations such as killing, handling of animal cadavers or night soil. Social distance from upper castes was maintained by restrictions of contact and commensality with members of upper castes. Castebased positioning created caste-based inequalities. Marginalized
too, in 1931, eight years after Frank Romer’s first article on sports injuries, came the first book on sports injuries – Charles Heald’s Injuries and Sport . 8 In this period the British government also took a renewed interest in physical education and national fitness, passing the Physical Training and Recreation Act in 1937. 9 Changes in the mechanism and direction of government funding, and in the structure and practice of research in the universities led to a snowballing production of physiological knowledge about the human body at work and play. Changes
4 Researching young people, politics and popular culture The previous chapters have set the context for our investigation into the relationship between popular culture and political engagement. This chapter explains our methodology. It begins with a critical review of the dominant, political communication methodologies whose ‘topdown’ approach, we argue, makes unwarranted assumptions about the habits and tastes of young people and about what does and does not constitute political engagement. We review a number of alternative, ‘bottom-up’ approaches that have
A Research Handbook for Patient and Public Involvement Researchers Chapter 1: Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) and the research process Andrew C Grundy Chapter overview This chapter defines and introduces the different stages of the research process: from identifying a problem, to reviewing the literature; then developing a research question; designing a study; obtaining funding and ethical approval; recruiting participants; collecting and analysing data; and reporting and disseminating findings. This chapter will outline how users of health services, their
Introduction The seas and oceans are the subject of a great deal of scientific research. The aims of this research are to increase knowledge and understanding of, inter alia, the physical characteristics of sea water, wave formation, tidal levels and ocean circulation, and how they vary over time and place; the geology and geomorphology of the seabed; marine fauna and flora
8 Measuring the impact of community– university research partnerships: a global perspective Nirmala Lall Knowledge, intention, action and impact are intricately linked in a dynamic relationship. Community–university research partnerships are action oriented – exchanging and co-constructing a unique type of knowledge to tackle complex interrelated social, environmental and economic issues. There is evidence that community–university research partnerships serve an important function as they engage in creating greater participation, opportunities, access and