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be reached (Ashley, 2000). For a group of sociologists writing in the 1960s, the master concept of industrialisation captured the dynamics of transformation in a form that effectively enabled social change to be ordered and mastered. Industrial capitalism, with its inherent contradictions, was viewed as a temporary and transitory form of industrial society. The processes of industrialisation and technological advance defined all economic and social organisation, ultimately leading all societies passively to a convergent system of ‘pluralistic industrialism’ (Kerr
process of mapping/map-making. The first subject of Connemara is quite clear since it highlights one of the most recognised and symbolic terrains in Ireland. Robinson’s status as a cultural figure in Ireland, as the second subject of the film, provokes a more compelling discussion. After all, Robinson is a transplant to the west of Ireland. Originally from Yorkshire, England, he later spent time studying mathematics at University of Cambridge and then lived in London and Vienna in the 75 76 Derek Gladwin 1960s as a visual artist, a practice that informed his
is presented to an audience of peers, it is a truth that neither the research nor the conference can be possible without the scholar’s solitary work. Presentation is a reward for work while publication is confirmation of its originality and worth. At a time – during the 1960s and 1970s – when Irish Studies scholarship was becoming increasingly professionalised, an important aspect of which was the gathering of like-minded scholars and teachers into institutes, departments and organisations, Robinson was stepping away from the metropolitan life of London, where the
the treatment of homes as financial assets. One idea is to look to what many councils were doing in the 1960s and 1970s when they municipalised tens of thousands of homes from the private sector that were in slum conditions, and turned them into council housing. The same could be done today: private landlords that consistently fail decency and safety standards could face compulsory purchase at less than market value. However, the revival of public housing should not be based on simply reinstating the old public housing model, which was often technocratic, not always
the city towards its black citizens – a municipal authority that, from the 1960s to the 1990s, repeatedly used demolition as a way of dispersing concentrations of ethnic minorities.10 13 Introduction Lemn Sissay’s poem ‘Moods of Rain’ (1988) uses water to frame the poet’s experience of being a black man on the streets of Manchester in the 1970s and 1980s – a time when racist abuse was encountered everywhere. I’m giving up dodging glassy-eyed puddles, My feet like the kitchen cloth, Face screwed up, no time for scruples. Head down, walk straight and cough, And
4 Raising the emerald curtain: communities and collaboration along the Irish border Caroline Creamer and Brendan O’Keeffe Up until the early 1990s, areas adjacent to the border between the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland were synonymous with ethno-nationalist tensions and socio-economic decline. The descent of the ‘emerald curtain’,1 with the partition of the island of Ireland in 1921, divided communities politically and economically but had a limited impact on social and cultural interactions. From the late 1960s, however, political agitation following
with techno-science machines and the innovative aesthetic machines that emerged in twentieth-century avant-garde art movements, such as Futurism and the Russian Agit-Theatre of Attractions. This is followed by an analysis of the influence of the cinematic machine as a device to explore the potential of urban space. Towards the end of this chapter, I describe the importance of the post-1960s performative turn as a foundation for contemporary performance art, including the Neo-Concretists’ experiments with embodied encounters, the Situationists’ interventions in
to generate economic growth and house its growing population – Singapore’s surface area has increased by nearly a quarter (or 135km 2 ) since the mid-1960s through land reclamation (de Koninck et al., 2017 ). Singapore and its offshore islands are thus illustrative of the perpetual churning of socio-spatial formations under capitalism and the numerous metabolic flows involved (see
the one that ravaged West Africa. West Africa’s capital cities of Freetown, Conakry, and Monrovia have more than quadrupled in size since the 1960s (Howard, 2017 ), with much of this growth concentrated in informal settlements. Today, nearly three quarters of Sierra Leone’s urban population lives in slum conditions, with 68 informal settlements in Freetown alone (Conteh et al
-laden opinions that they were, a new era of social scientific thinking was born in the 1960s which endures to this day. Challenging the all-encompassing objectivity of previous decades, this new era ushered in an ethos based on a key premise: since we, as social scientists, are also people, we cannot truly stand outside the social phenomena we wish to investigate. Though we may seek ‘the truth’, the questions we ask and the way we interpret what we see are inevitably partial. We cannot remove ourselves from the story