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of the work that we do. Some organizations, let’s say Oxfam and others, have moved from being very operational to doing a lot of advocacy, and so many people were very much afraid that we would dilute our core action (which is at the field) if we do advocacy. So, there’s still this debate inside … At the OCG, we look at advocacy as part of our operational pillars, not separate but one of the actions we can take. MD: There was always a distinction made in MSF. To me, it was tied more to witnessing. Advocacy is something that came from the human rights community
prioritised bilateral negotiations. UN institutions were then often used, and even designed, explicitly as vehicles for the pursuit of US interests: the World Food Programme, for example, was established in 1961 to channel American agricultural surplus to the developing world. Liberal internationalism as we know it today, with its particular political and cultural associations with the US, is a product of the 1970s. As Samuel Moyn has argued, it was in the second half of that decade that human rights had its first breakthrough as a cosmopolitan
humanitarian interventions. The topic was thrust upon me by events in Rwanda in 1994. As a teenage, second-generation Rwandan immigrant in Belgium, I was more personally affected than fellow classmates by the hypocrisy of the international community: the preaching of respect for human rights, followed by their omission during one hundred days of mass murder before the eyes of the world. It felt like there was more to the story than ‘good intentions versus regrettable outcomes’. Ever since, I have worried about the content and purpose of (Western
new language of sans frontières humanitarianism of the 1970s. In the initial days, the témoin was almost invariably the humanitarian volunteer. During the 1970s, témoignage came to be a symbol of a new form of humanitarian action – solidarist and political. Lacking direct translation in English, it proved to be adept at accommodating changing conceptions of humanitarianism within MSF. From a focus on human rights in its early years to a
et al. , 2017 ). Important insights have been gained in the prevalence of attacks on healthcare ( PHR, 2019a ; 2019b ), the measuring of such attacks ( Elamein et al. , 2017 ; Briody et al. , 2018 ; Haar et al. , 2018 ), healthcare workers’ experiences of them ( Funk et al. , 2018 ; Center for Public Health and Human Rights et al. , 2019 ) and their views on how it affects healthcare provision ( Footer et
). United Nations ( 2020 ), COVID-19 and Human Rights: We Are All in This Together , April , www.un.org/en/un-coronavirus-communications-team/we-are-all-together-human-rights-and-covid-19-response-and (accessed 10 November 2021 ). Watts , S. ( 1999 ), Epidemics and History: Disease
figure to overcome the politics of borders ( Johnson, 2011 ; Malkki, 1996 ; Rajaram, 2002 ), or the contribution of visual media to ideologies embedded in humanitarian narratives, from the human rights framework to colonialism, nationalism, and imperialism ( Briggs, 2003 ; Dogra, 2012 ; Lydon, 2016 ; Sliwinski, 2011 ). In this special issue, we build on such scholarship by inquiring into the role that specific media such as photography, film, graphic materials, or museums
Famine” Revisited: Band Aid and the Antipolitics of Celebrity Humanitarian Action ’, Disasters 37 : 1 , 61 – 79 . Read , R. ( 2016 ), ‘ Tensions in UN Information Management: Security, Data and Human Rights Monitoring in Darfur, Sudan ’, Journal of Human Rights Practice , 8 : 1
such violence ( Chynoweth, 2019a ). Survivors had the option of speaking with a man or woman health provider and some women and men disclosed to providers of a different gender. A report by UC Berkeley’s Human Rights Center (2018) contains similar examples, guidelines and tools from research on disclosure in forced displacement in Central America. Gender-based violence specialists have spent decades working to develop effective programmes that create
epidemic this seemed to be due to the lack of prioritisation of the most vulnerable and to hospital overcrowding, but it is difficult to understand why alternatives were not put in place later to provide quality and humanised palliative care. The requirement to guarantee and respect the rights of older individuals is enshrined in the main human rights declarations ratified by Spain ( United Nations Human Rights, 1976a , 1976b ). According to a 2003