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British Museum, the World Museum in Liverpool and the Rijksmuseum van Oudheden in Leiden) that were previously examined during the 1960s (Gray 1967; Gray and Slow 1968) and which appear to demonstrate radiographic evidence of osteoporosis. By looking for radiographic skeletal markers of ageing, this chapter seeks to determine whether the condition occurred at a younger age in ancient Egypt than in present-day individuals. There are two types of osteoporosis. The first is post-menopausal osteoporosis, which is the result of a decrease in oestrogen levels accompanying the
, later, as World Heritage. Conversely, the cliff temples could have prevented the establishment of the Aswan High Dam and therefore the modernisation of Egypt. The preserved temples may also hamper a development that is not directly linked to income from tourism. In the future, then, the original threat, the dam – and perhaps also Abu Simbel’s concrete arched domes – will be worthy of preservation as unique and irreplaceable testimony to the engineering skills of the 1960s. Clearly, history, memory, and heritage are interwoven with threats. 5. The past and modernity
Mercenaries are fighters who operate under special conditions. Their presence, as shadow combatants, often tends to exacerbate the violence of their enemies. That’s why the analysis focuses on the singularity of the relationship to death and ‘procedures’ concerning the corpses of their fallen comrades. As a fighter identified and engaged in landlocked areas, the mercenary’s corpse is treated according to material constraints pertaining in the 1960s. After violence on their body, and evolution towards the secret war, mercenaries favour the repatriation of the body or its disappearance. These new, painful conditions for comrades and families give birth to a collective memory fostered by commemorations.
what has happened, and what has not happened, lies in more general historical developments and the very recent emergence of a sense of national history. History as a museum discipline is a twentieth-century phenomenon in Aotearoa New Zealand, more so particularly after the Second World War. The postwar period of the 1950s and 1960s, which, contrary to many stereotypes, was not only a time of conformity, drabness and turning inwards but also a time of variety, change and experimentation, demands a more critical and close investigation in relationship to museums. Very
. The effect, though, was not of separation but of a kind of simultaneity. Were I now to curate this simultaneity as a Sebald-like social and political history project, its key artefact might well be the battered green Austin Cambridge driven in the late 1960s by the Sinhalese descendant of a sixteenth-century Portuguese trader or soldier or colonial administrator. The car’s passenger narratives would fold together a childhood in smalltown Aotearoa New Zealand during the late 1940s and early 1950s, the experience of colonialist expatriate privilege in post
first decade – when the groundwork was laid for audience engagement for the following half century – and the 1960s, which saw a marked change in approach to visitors. The first task facing the would-be historian of museum visiting is to assess the access criteria and, where available, quantitative audience data. These factors, however ill-defined, can give an indication of broader demographic shifts in visiting, and if not the visitor constituency, then the intended audiences for the Museum: its addressees. At Peter Street, even though the collections that would form
-war resources on plant pathology and laboratory provision.76 Whereas Wigglesworth had been so involved with the department that she appeared on their annual staff group photographs, her successors were conspicuous in their absence. By the 1960s, the status of the Museum within the University had declined to such an extent that its key location in the centre of the ‘Manchester Education Precinct’ (see chapter 6) outweighed the benefits of the collection, and a proposal circulated that the galleries move to the Arts Library away from Oxford Road.77 Although the inertia of the
middle of August 1943), or (b) it was dug after the removal of the boundary in the 1960s. However, based on the correlation between the location of this feature and the disturbance visible in the aerial photographs, it seems more likely that it dates to the occupation period and could represent an area of further burials. Figure 8.19 Aerial image of Longy Common taken on the 3 October 1943 showing two areas of disturbance immediately outside
began to be studied in a little more detail early on, and Ruffer published on it by 1908. Leigh was tabulating data by 1934, and his oral pathology tables demonstrated that abscesses were caused in his sample mainly by severe tooth wear and pulp exposure, rather than by caries. Consequent tooth loss especially affected the molars. By the 1960s comparative studies, especially of caries, were being published with again the molars being most susceptible. Social and environmental factors clearly needed to be considered, as seen in the contrasts shown in Figure 18.3a
increase in musealisation in Switzerland and Germany over the twentieth century (Lübbe 1982 ); Robert Hewison observed an increase in the number of museums, theme parks, and visitor centres in England since the 1960s and launched the concept “Heritage Industry” (Hewison 1987 : 83ff); Françoise Choay perceived an inflation in heritage since the 1960s, reacting particularly strongly against the establishment of industrial monuments and increased heritage tourism (Choay 1992 (French): 158ff; 2001 (English): 138ff); and Andreas Huyssen observed a “relentless museummania