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either receive his book or to the control group at the beginning of the study. This process is called randomisation which is a process of allocating participants to the treatment or control group effectively on the basis of a coin-toss. Along with the use of a control group, randomisation is one of the key features of a randomised controlled trial. A Research Handbook for Patient and Public Involvement Researchers Using a controlled pre- and post- (or pre-post) design, Dave could demonstrate: 45 BEE (RESEARCH) PRINT.indd 45 11/05/2018 16:14 The randomised
, these might be things you do over and above a report. Rossi et al. ( 1999 : 406) coin the term ‘secondary dissemination’ to describe the results of evaluations which might be designed to be secondary to a more formal report. This type of dissemination relies on the plethora of communication tools discussed already in this book. For example, if you maintain or contribute to a blog, consider reporting your findings there. Equally, there may be relevant professional magazines read by other research communicators to which you could contribute an article. Perhaps locally
create their own digital projects. It is now relatively easy to create a website or other presence for your research on the internet, allowing researchers to become publishers of their own content, though other approaches, such as app development, may require specialist skills and interdisciplinary collaboration. Much of the growth in digital public engagement projects comes about because it is now so much easier to create and share content on the web, using what are now commonly referred to as Web 2.0 technologies. Web 2.0, a term first coined by DiNucci in
; McQuail, 1997 : 2). Jay Rosen ( 2011 ) has even coined the phrase ‘the people formerly known as the audience’ to reflect the increased role that people can have in selecting and determining media production, but this idea that the passive audience has disappeared comes with a cautionary note: We [the people] are still perfectly content to listen to our radios while driving, sit passively in the darkness of the local multiplex, watch TV while motionless and glassy-eyed in bed, and read silently to ourselves as we always have. Should we attend the theatre, we
is the basis for grouping them into classes. There are eight word classes: nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions and determiners. The first four are known as open classes because the total continues to grow as new words are coined. The Oxford English Dictionary publishes revisions four times a year, and lists new words entering the dictionary for the first time. Instances added in 2015 are locavore and the bank of mum and dad . The other four (pronouns, prepositions, conjunctions and determiners) are closed classes to which