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slogan coined by Indira Gandhi, garibhi hatao (remove poverty) in reality became, garib hatao (remove the poor) demonstrating that it was turning into a state of exception and reverting to a sovereign's rule of actively ‘making die’. By specifically targeting the poor, lower-caste, and Muslim populations, the upper-class, upper-caste, Hindu ethos of the power-elite became apparent, as did the genocidal proclivity of the postcolonial Indian state. As Foucault observed, ‘If genocide is indeed the dream of modern powers, this is not because of a recent return of the
Hindu reactions and their move towards religious nationalism. Neo-Hinduism ‘became somewhat revivalistic with the rise of the Arya Samaj’ (Sharma, 2002 : 21), and its ‘ethnic streak’ in the 1920s saw the growing popularity of Hindutva. Chandranath Basu, a privileged Bengali literary scholar coined the term Hindutva in 1892, in his book, Hindutva – Hindur Prakrita Itihas (‘Hindutva – An Authentic History’) defending traditional Hindu rituals, the caste system, maintaining patriarchy and restricting women's education and civil rights
between science and religion, scripture and science, ritual and experiment, and between western biomedicine and Ayurveda. Sushmita: Banu coins the term ‘postcolonial pregnancies’ in her book Holy Science (Subramaniam, 2019 ), and I find it very useful to think with the irony of this nomenclature to sieve through some of the issues at hand. ‘Postcolonial pregnancies’ aptly draws out the reproductive logic at the core of structural transformations and tells us that even though we see an ostensible shift
autistic people themselves, has moved towards conceiving of autists as a ‘neurotribe’ who experience the world in a distinct way that is no less valid than ‘neurotypical’ experience. 6 In 2019, the Swedish climate campaigner Greta Thunberg’s reference to her Asperger’s syndrome as a ‘superpower’ was widely reported. 7 For most of the twentieth century, however, the condition was considered a severe form of mental illness. The term was coined in 1911 by a Swiss psychiatrist, Eugen Bleuler, who also created the diagnosis of
lineage … becomes complicated’ (Bergmann, 2011 : 283). This has further implications for the “legal definitions of kinship” (Bergmann, 2011 : 283) and accordingly, in terms of transnational ART, is not only a psychological question of ‘fitting in’ and identity, but also becomes a biopolitical question of belonging. The other side of the coin is also that it is for the very reason of ‘belonging’ that transnational ARTs could be sought. Bergmann relates instances of couples travelling in order to find donors that share their
mission for ‘problem families’. This was articulated by the Assistant MOH for Liverpool, Clare Oswald Stallybrass, in 1947 when he argued that ‘The problem consists in the presence, in a developed civilisation, of families, or groups of families, and I make the addition advisedly, who have stone age standards of conduct in the cities of an age of steel.’ 82 On the first side of the coin, the modernising
). The implications this has for gendered forms of reproductive labour and structural subordination of women from impoverished and marginalised communities is noteworthy and subject of further investigation. Reproductive rights vs. reproductive justice Analysing reproductive work through the lens of reproductive justice means putting the above mentioned structural conditions centre stage. The concept was coined in the 1990s by SisterSong, a US based grassroots collective of women of colour, which situates
reproductive politics, are two sides of the same biopolitical coin. This complex interrelationship is at the core of the thematic frame of this book. Interestingly, those two poles of reproductive politics have common technological roots, which further underlines their entanglement. One aspect of this genealogical link is the history of so-called sex hormones and especially the hormones oestrogen and progesterone, which are commonly associated with femininity (Fausto-Sterling, 2000 ; Oudshoorn, 1990 ). 3
, focused on this work with the aim of quantifying evolutionary processes and coined the term ‘eugenics’ (Black, 2003 ; Perkowitz, 2017 ). Galton wanted the use of government policy to restrict marriages between those with desirable and undesirable traits, thereby restricting and eventually eroding the reproduction of those found to have undesirable traits (Black, 2003 ). Black argues that Galton made a shift from hoping for political backing to religious backing, with the aim of creating a pure master race by determining which people are fit to procreate together
emotional behaviors, situations and victim-offender relationships’. 22 In the health field, this has also triggered a set of scholarly discussions. A long-studied case is the International Classification of Causes of Mortality and Morbidity (ICD). In the ICD, violence has traditionally been included in a specific yet heterogeneous group of causes coined External Causes of Mortality and