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. 6 The Washington Group on Disability Statistics (New York, 4–6 June 2001) has developed both short and extended sets of standard functioning questions. 7 This phrase was coined by Patel et al. (2018) . 8 Differential exposure results from increased low-paid frontline work (e.g. in
have. This is not a problem until a situation arises which presents an existential threat and a paradigm shift is required purely for survival, which was of course the rationale that the original ALNAP study gave for innovation. This rationale draws on the idea of creative destruction, the phrase coined by Joseph Schumpeter to describe how the ‘fundamental impulse that sets and keeps the capitalist engine in motion comes from the new consumers’ goods, the new methods of production or transportation
bodies. The term ‘celebrity humanitarianism’ was coined to recognise the expanding ambit for celebritised forms of global humanitarian and charity work, though the phenomenon has accompanied humanitarianism from its early days ( Richey, 2016a ). The historical roots of Affleck’s twenty-first-century celebrity humanitarianism to ‘save’ the Congo can be traced back to Victorian-era work on behalf of overseas causes by E. D. Morel 3 and his countrymen ( Brockington, 2014
museums therefore resembled what Angela Jannelli has called ‘wild museums’ ( Jannelli, 2012 ; Thiemeyer, 2018 : 95): They were stuffed with a dizzying wealth of objects, ranging from coins to medical equipment, often presented along pragmatic lines and without regard for newer museum concepts or a contextualizing storyline. Some museums also presented typical sceneries of Red Cross work, for example by showing the life-size doll of a Red Cross nurse in
commitment to producing more ‘positive’ images played out in ad campaigns by the British NGO Christian Aid in the 1990s. Although positive images are preferable to negative ones, Lidchi argues that they are also two sides of the same coin, one that leaves unchallenged the basic question of whether ‘a realist, or documentary mode, of representation’ (292) is most apt since it ‘prevents new modes of representation from emerging’ (284). Focusing on the ethical
Data-informed advocacy is a familiar occurrence in humanitarian circles. Powers showed how activism and information provision were conceptualised as two sides of the same coin. Activism was considered a guiding value in their information production function, while information was perceived ‘as a key component of successful advocacy’ ( Powers, 2016 : 411). In Redfield’s study of MSF, he describes this practice as ‘an overtly motivated form of scientific research, finding
an assemblage. 3 I borrow this concept from the philosophers Deleuze and Guattari as they coined it in A Thousand Plateaus ( 2004 ). They introduce the concept of agencement that is generally translated as assemblage in English to capture the intricate interplay of agency and structure, contingency and structuration, change and organisation. 4 Important is the fact that ‘assemblages select elements from the milieus (the surroundings, the context, the mediums) in which the assemblages work’ ( Macgregor Wise, 2005 : 78). Therefore, it is needed to
its prevention the priority of its European diplomacy. For, by the sheer size of the Eurasian land mass (for which the term ‘heartland’ was coined originally), not to mention the formidable combination that European industry and Russian resources could constitute, unity among the Eurasian states had long appeared threatening to the supremacy of the Anglophone West.4 Energy diplomacy likely explains the sanctions the United States imposed on Russia following the coup in Kiev, and it may explain why Washington stepped up the level of punitive measures so drastically
formed to enable the functioning of the system was the prohibition against intervention in the internal affairs of the member states. This was so as not to violate a state’s sovereignty, even if the state was in the throes of a civil war.3 Therefore, the supreme goal of the organisation that is imposed on all the UN member states is to ‘maintain international peace and security’. This is considered one of the greatest achievements of the Charter. It formally removes the normative validity behind the well-known expression coined by Prussian military philosopher Carl von
the post- Soviet space in particular. Whilst the Wolfowitz Doctrine is the general presupposition, Abramowitz, Huntington and Brzezinski each added regionally specific variations, and for our purposes, the latter’s proposals with respect to Ukraine certainly are the most pertinent for their disregard of Russian sensibilities and security concerns. When Bill Clinton’s second-term secretary of state, Madeleine Albright, an acolyte of Brzezinski’s (and herself credited with coining the notion of the United States as the ‘indispensable nation’50), visited Kiev in