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The origins and endurance of club regulation
, kidney transplantation and the discovery of DNA’s helical structure. These successful projects involved no external planning and were all ‘developed through the single-minded efforts of a few dedicated individual scientists and doctors’.89 At a time when professions were highly regarded, this research further increased public confidence in science and medicine.90 Celebratory media coverage portrayed doctors and scientists as pioneering figures who were central to a ‘new Elizabethan era’ of progress and discovery.91 When ‘science and expertise were synonymous’, both in