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challenge to us all] a Norwegian infectious disease specialist and expert on HIV/AIDS told men to completely refrain from having sex with prostitutes, but did not think it important to warn sex workers of the risk of infection. 44 Prejudices and political resistance stood in the way of a destigmatising approach to sex workers, similar to that which had been developed for other marginalised groups
medical bureaucracy made them less effective in spreading enthusiasm for psychoanalysis among ordinary French people. The chapter goes on to examine Dolto’s interventions on French radio in 1950 on the subject of sex education, showing how she used this platform both to promote the acceptance of psychoanalysts as experts on such questions, and to disseminate her views on the importance of bringing up children according to a strongly binary conception of gender roles. Schooling the parents As the influence of
The publication of Le Cas Dominique in 1971, and the simultaneous reissuing by Éditions du Seuil of Psychanalyse et pédiatrie , her thesis written in the 1930s, reinforced Dolto’s public status as an expert in child psychology and added her to the growing list of French psychoanalysts enjoying a degree of publishing success in the years after 1968. Dolto made it into Who’s Who in France in 1975. But it was her radio career that was principally responsible for making her a household name, especially the
years earlier. This Laforguian way of thinking, with some adaptations, had propelled Dolto to a national platform in the 1970s. But after 2000, Dolto was no longer seen as a unifying national expert, but rather as someone linked to a particular ideological outlook. Discussion of her began to polarise. In 2008, her centenary, the television channel TF1 ran a hagiographical feature-length drama about Dolto, with Josiane Balasko in the starring role. 8 The same year, however, cognitive-behavioural therapist Didier Pleux
In Psychoanalysis and the family, Richard Bates reveals the striking range and extent of the influence of Françoise Dolto (1908–88) – child psychoanalyst and France’s leading authority on parenting and family dynamics from the 1970s onwards.
Against the backdrop of rapid economic, social and cultural change, Dolto emerged as a new, reassuring, national presence. Seen as a national treasure, her views proved influential on a wide range of issues linked to psychology, parenting, education, gender, sexuality, bioethics and children’s culture and rights. Dolto claimed the mantle of a progressive, innovative expert who swept away outdated concepts – but Bates demonstrates that her ideas in fact had deep roots in right-wing, anti-feminist currents. Dolto used her media platforms and the cultural authority of psychoanalysis to ensure that her psychoanalytic vision affected the whole French nation and was implanted in a variety of institutional settings. Bates shows how her vision had lasting repercussions, in areas ranging from the treatment of autism to the organisation of children’s centres.
In demonstrating Dolto’s importance, this highly original, thoroughly researched book makes an essential contribution to historical understanding of twentieth-century French society. It forces a reassessment of the place of psychoanalysis in French social history, showing that its true significance lay well beyond the academic seminar or the consulting room.
emphasise: a population which must be counted, regulated, disciplined, protected and so on. It is also as the subject of public health: as an agent endowed with rights and responsibilities and various subjective capabilities, which all state-sponsored regulations or expert-endorsed norms must work with and respect. Indeed, although the place of the public might be analysed and historicised from each of
disease, particularly during the 1960s, ensured that the HEC extended their promotion activities to include the risk factors associated with coronary heart disease. 39 The work of the HEC in the field of diet and heart disease was greatly influenced by the findings of governmental expert committees, which filtered scientific findings into the area of policy. 40 Throughout the 1970s and 1980s
histories of health and policy-making since the Second World War. HIV/AIDS has been connected to a broader shift in the idea of the expert, who was, by the end of the century, no longer always and only the doctor or other professional person. Expertise ‘by experience’ has become a well-known phrase, and the expert status that was eventually granted to (some) gay men during the HIV/AIDS crisis has been
emergence of drink-driving as a public problem, Gusfield points out that it is not an inherent feature of this phenomenon that makes it immediately of social relevance and incorporates it into the public agenda. On the contrary, what conditions the establishment of drink-driving as a public problem is a range of other socio-political factors: expert and non-expert knowledge, the complex relationships
United States. The Working Group, consisting of four appointed ‘experts’ in addition to Bustamante, began its work by gathering information from sending and receiving countries. Common concerns that emerged from the group’s investigations were trafficking, xenophobia and lack of protections for vulnerable migrants, particularly women and children. 15 Although it made references to