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of the parties, it is doubtful that it can still be sustained in view of a host of UN General Assembly resolutions, adopted since 2000, calling for fish stocks to be restored or maintained at levels of MSY ‘as determined by their biological characteristics’, without mention of possible qualification by environmental or economic factors. 61 Although the parties to UNCLOS and members of the General
of the Almaty Declaration and Programme of Action, adopted in 2003. 51 The Declaration repeats the affirmation of the rights of landlocked and transit States as set out in the UN General Assembly Resolutions referred to above. It encourages those States to strengthen their collaborative efforts to address transit transport issues, and calls on other States to assist them. The objectives of the Programme of Action are to
South Korea), calls for a New International Economic Order, and with it the transfer of technology, had largely ceased. However, UNCTAD III, having begun its substantive sessions in the same year as the adoption of the UN General Assembly resolutions on the New International Economic Order and having largely taken place during the 1970s, was not unaffected by the zeitgeist and developing
of the deep seabed. Most developing States preferred more rapid progress towards the establishment not only of agreed principles but also of an international organisation with wide powers to regulate seabed mining. The developing States had a sufficient majority to secure the passage in 1969 of General Assembly Resolution 2574, 12 the so-called ‘Moratorium Resolution’, which declared that pending
existence of these factors, and the recognition that the various parts of the law of the sea were inextricably interrelated, led to widespread support for a review of the whole of the law of the sea. It was agreed in 1970, in General Assembly Resolution 2570, to convene a United Nations conference with the task of producing a comprehensive Convention on the Law of the Sea. The conference, the Third United Nations Conference on the