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In order to achieve the harmonious merging of the Japanese and Korean people, nothing was more necessary than the [1914] reform which placed both of them on an equal footing in the same administrative framework. 1 Just when the Japanese migration to Korea was soaring – eventually bringing about one of the largest new communities in the colonial world – the colonial authorities in Seoul curiously set out to dissolve it within a unified political body, Chôsen, which was neither Korea
citizenship in the Japanese empire is quite striking. Recent scholarship has shattered the myth of pre-war Japan as a ‘homogeneous’ nation, pointing in particular to Japan’s internal colonisations of the Ainu and the Okinawans, processes that preceded the acquisition of the formal colonies of Taiwan in 1895 and Korea in 1910. 2 While issues of citizenship for people moving between both ‘internal’ and external colonies and the Japanese metropole were also complex, after 1895 Japan’s status as a Great Power with regard to China also opened up
ranging decolonisation, the end of the imperial systems and with that, the imagining of an opportunity for Quebec independence, benefiting from the importance of national self-determination for peace. Contrary to the four cases examined in Erez Manela's The Wilsonian Moment (China, India, Korea, Egypt), there was no popular agitation in Quebec in 1919. Rather, the great agitation of 1918 was stopped by the application of martial law and stationing of English-speaking regiments in Quebec well into 1919. 6 Nevertheless
children – UNICEF, PLAN and ISS – did not support or promote inter-country adoption, and ISS actively opposed it. UNICEF undertook to provide supplies and provisions in aid, while PLAN promoted a child sponsorship programme. Moir and her two associates fiercely disagreed with ISS, which had a longstanding opposition to the adoption of children, beginning with the Korean War (1950–53). 11 While other groups began to emerge
was therefore of less importance than the optimistic hopes placed upon charity to tackle global poverty’. 90 The ways in which Anglophone humanitarianism was transformed with the end of formal empire can be seen in the changing nature of Australia’s international involvement in humanitarian work during the Cold War. Civil wars in Korea (1950–53) and Vietnam (1955–75) and Australia’s involvement in these wars pivoted
established on the East Asian mainland after 1840 were composed mainly of expatriates moving from Europe, the United States and, much later, Japan, to exploit the opportunities of a new imperial frontier. But the home-grown merchants and missionaries of the treaty ports and the Japanese settlers who went to Korea before and after its annexation in 1910 form only part of the story. The Europeans who made their way to China did not always come directly from their metropolitan homes, and their journey was not always strictly voluntary. Some
twentieth century. 3 Japan had obtained Formosa/Taiwan and the Pescadores Islands after defeating China in 1895, then Korea as a protectorate and the southern half of Sakhalin/Karafuto after the Russo-Japanese War (1904–5). It formally annexed Korea in 1910. Micronesia had become a Japanese trust territory in the peace settlement following the First World War. With defeat, Japan also lost its privileges in the collective informal empire in China and its de facto control over the puppet state of Manchukuo, which had been established after Japan invaded Manchuria in 1931
into Burma and the Malay states. The Dutch consolidated their holdings in the East Indies, placing thousands of islands under the rule of the Dutch sovereign, and waging war in Sumatra and Bali at the turn of the century to reinforce their imperium . The Japanese took over Taiwan in 1895 and Korea in 1905 in the name of their emperor. The Spanish monarchs retained control of the Philippines, over which they had long reigned, until defeat by the Americans in 1898. The Portuguese king continued to reign over that country’s residual Asian holdings in Macao, East Timor
the intellectual landscape. The contents of the present volume aim to provide still further coherence to an otherwise disparate field (or set of fields and sub-fields), in part by building on excellent early work from only the last decade or so: on the Irish and other contexts noted above, as well as on Cuba, Korea, Cyprus, and the Philippines. 84 Given the over-emphasis on the caricature and cartoons of the eighteenth century, Comic Empires is focused deliberately on the nineteenth and twentieth centuries: when
devaluation of the pound in 1949 and the rearmament drive prompted by the outbreak of the Korean War that placed further restrictions on dollar expenditure. The CPRC collaborated with the MRC and Glaxo in undertaking a search of plant steroids in the colonies that could be used to produce cortisone. This included engaging Thaysen to study ergosterol from yeast grown at the Food Yeast Factory in Jamaica, and the investigation of East African sisal as a potential raw material. Ergosterol did not prove to be as suitable as sisal. The latter furnished a source of hecogenin that