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. Audiences, participants and public/s When many people first think about communicating their research they can sometimes be motivated by the desire to reach ‘the general public’. In fact, in research communication settings, as in many others, it has become uncommon to refer to a singular public; rather, it is recognised that participants in research communication come from a variety of backgrounds, communities, experiences and perspectives, and the idea of one exclusive and singular public is therefore problematic. In the past many researchers and communicators
Considering how to communicate your research or engage others with the latest science, social science or humanities research? This book explores new and emerging approaches to engaging people with research, placing these in the wider context of research communication. Split into three sections, Creative Research Communication explores the historical routes and current drivers for public engagement, before moving on to explore practical approaches and finally discussing ethical issues and the ways in which research communication can contribute to research impact.
Starting from the premise that researchers can and ought to participate in the public sphere, this book provides practical guidance and advice on contributing to political discourse and policymaking, as well as engaging the public where they are (whether that is at the theatre, at a music festival or on social media). By considering the plurality of publics and their diverse needs and interests, it is quite possible to find a communications niche that neither offers up bite-sized chunks of research, nor conceptualises the public as lacking the capacity to consider the myriad of issues raised by research, but explains and considers thoughtfully the value of research endeavours and their potential benefits to society.
It’s time for researchers to move away from one-size fits all, and embrace opportunities for creative approaches to research communication. This book argues for a move away from metrics and tick box approaches and towards approaches that work for you, as an individual researcher, in the context of your own discipline and interests.
This chapter will focus on ethics from a broad perspective, considering two main approaches. Firstly, the chapter will consider ethics from a communication and engagement standpoint, how to engage with participants ethically, incorporate informed consent procedures, consider any data that are collected, used and stored, give participants access to further information and follow any relevant ethical guidelines. Secondly, the chapter will explore wider questions regarding the ethics of communication and participation. Is communication about research just
Principles of Ethical Research Owen Price and Lauren Walker Chapter overview By definition, research seeks to explore something that is unknown. This uncertainty means there is always the possibility of harm arising from research. There are many examples in both near and distant history of serious harm to participants as a consequence of research, including permanent disability and death. This is why it is of great importance that research projects are informed by sound ethics, properly planned, approved by an independent ethical board and rigorously monitored
A Research Handbook for Patient and Public Involvement Researchers Chapter 1: Patient and Public Involvement (PPI) and the research process Andrew C Grundy Chapter overview This chapter defines and introduces the different stages of the research process: from identifying a problem, to reviewing the literature; then developing a research question; designing a study; obtaining funding and ethical approval; recruiting participants; collecting and analysing data; and reporting and disseminating findings. This chapter will outline how users of health services, their
Quantitative Data Analysis Patrick Callaghan and Penny Bee Chapter overview Quantitative data analysis makes sense of numerical data. We often refer to quantitative data analysis as statistical analysis, and you may see this term used in published research papers. We can use numbers to summarise the experiences or characteristics of a group of participants, for example their average age or the number of symptoms they report. We can also use numbers to look at people’s behaviours, experiences and views, for example the number of people using mental health
the data, though the large data sets collected can offset these concerns, especially when supported by clear and well-designed research protocols (Grand et al. , 2014 ). Who participates? Some research has begun to emerge regarding the likely participants in crowd-sourced research. In the citizen science realm, the creators of Galaxy Zoo, a long-running project that has citizens classifying galaxies, have explored why people participate in the project (Raddick et al. , 2013; Raddick et al. , 2010 ). Galaxy Zoo attracts more male (80 percent
and experimental quantitative designs 3. Identify the key features of a randomised controlled trial 40 BEE (RESEARCH) PRINT.indd 40 11/05/2018 16:14 Quantitative research generally uses large numbers of participants. This is because it seeks to draw accurate conclusions about, for example, how common a health problem is within a population, what factors increase a person’s likelihood of developing a health problem (e.g. weight, gender, wealth, employment, education etc.), or whether a medicine or other intervention is effective in treating a health problem
find themselves using in health services research: • In-depth interviews • Focus groups • Observations Service-user and carer involvement in qualitative research methods Interviews Qualitative in-depth interviews are useful for illuminating a range of perspectives from different types of participants. The types of qualitative interviews are illustrated in Figure 19. Figure 19 Types of qualitative interview Highly structured interviews - often with set response options, similar to a spoken questionnaire Semi-structured interviews - consisting of a range of
A Research Handbook for Patient and Public Involvement Researchers Chapter 6: Psychometrics: designing and road testing new measurement scales Professor Patrick Callaghan Chapter overview Measurement scales (questionnaires) are often used in quantitative research to summarise the experiences of a group of participants, for example the number and range of symptoms they report, or their level of satisfaction with their care. We can use these questionnaires once to get a snap-shot of people’s scores at one point in time, or we can ask people to complete them on