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As the AIDS crisis of the 1980s and 1990s recedes from popular memory,
researchers are once again beginning to engage with the subject from historical
perspectives. This collection brings together some of the exciting new work
emerging from this resurgence, addressing essential but much less well-known
histories of HIV/AIDS.
Focusing on regions of Western Europe, Histories of
HIV/AIDS introduces aspects of the epidemic from places including Scotland,
Wales, Italy, Norway, the Netherlands, Ireland, and Switzerland, and draws
attention to the experiences and activities of often-overlooked people: sex
workers, drug users, mothers, nurses, social workers, and those living and
working in prisons. It also examines the challenges, opportunities, and risks at
the heart of how we archive and remember this epidemic. Highlighting the
importance of understanding local and national contexts, transnational
interactions, and heterogeneous forms of policy, activism, and expertise, it
encourages attention to the complexity of these histories and their ongoing
importance today.
Of particular interest to historians of modern Europe and
health, area studies specialists, and those working with archives and museums,
this book is an essential addition to HIV/AIDS studies and histories.
‘So necessarie and charitable a worke’ Chapter 11 ‘So necessarie and charitable a worke’: welfare, identity and Scottish prisoners-sofwar in England, 1650–55 Chris R. Langley O n 3 September 1650 the English army, led by Oliver Cromwell, routed the Scottish force of David Leslie just south of Dunbar. In the aftermath of the battle, Commonwealth army leaders secured much of the Scottish baggage train and captured a significant proportion of the Scottish army.1 Receiving the news in London, the English MP Bulstrode Whitelocke described the total nature of the
1994. The Welsh results contrasted starkly with the situation in Scotland (even with the population difference taken into account), where more than 2,000 cases of HIV were recorded by the end of 1994, of which more than 600 had progressed on to AIDS. 7 Edinburgh, the Scottish capital, gained the unenviable moniker: the AIDS capital of Europe. This distinction between Welsh and Scottish experience continued throughout the 1990s
. In the first part of this introduction, I would like to give an overview of spas other than Bath. Beyond Hembry's remarkable inventory of English spas published in 1990, little work has been done to categorise the remaining 346 spas and wells of eighteenth-century Britain. In fact, they are regularly represented as a single, undifferentiated phenomenon generating a bulk of indistinct medical and literary writings, mostly spurred by commercial interest. In her introduction to the study of the Scottish spa town of Moffat, Katharine Glover confirms and deplores the
’, as the European Historic Thermal Towns Association contends. 9 Cosmopolitanism is certainly one of the features of self-representation of spa visitors and the spa towns themselves, yet this narrative tends to leave aside the centrality of sickness. What's more, in all its aspiration for foreign diversity, cosmopolitanism fails to embrace the colonial and imperial dimensions of spa towns. Clearly, the development of Irish, Scottish and Welsh spas
care. The limits of medical and social provision for people with HIV/AIDS in Wales is the subject of Daryl Leeworthy’s Chapter 5 , which highlights the impact on policy and public attitudes of the absence of a sense of crisis. In contrast to its closest neighbours England and Scotland, rates of HIV infection in Wales remained low and an impression lingered that this was not really a Welsh problem
social, political and medical phenomena in England at the time, the development of mineral waters had multiple ramifications in the growing Empire. Within the British Isles, Welsh, Scottish and Irish spas flourished in parallel with English spas, sometimes mirroring them, sometimes clearly demarking themselves through specific cultural traits. In the next section of this chapter, I will deal with the Roman Catholic inheritance of holy wells which was a strong component of some of the most popular Welsh and Irish wells, even when their waters had been analysed and
. 48 Tobias Smollett was a physician who had also been an apprentice to a surgeon in Scotland. See the section ‘Scottish surgeons’ in S. Vasset, The Physics of Language in Roderick Random (Paris: Presses universitaires de France, 2009), pp. 160–3. 49 Smollett, An Essay on the External Use of Water , p. 10. The power of the imagination was more commonly invoked for pregnancies – a
extended networks, new friends or even a fortunate marriage. Katharine Glover's study of the Scottish town of Moffat, sixty miles south of Glasgow, is a good example of the determination of local investors. She describes the coordinated efforts of two ambitious men: John Hope, Earl of Hopetoun, who overtook the management of the estate from his incapacitated uncle and worked on ‘a visual representation of the town as a refined and unified space’; and James Hunter, a physician who ‘took the lease of the farms around the well’ and undertook legislative processes to launch
British History , 33:1 (2019), 52–74. 25 Nadja Durbach, Bodily Matters: The Anti-Vaccination Movement in England, 1853–1907 (Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2005); Deborah Brunton, The Politics of Vaccination: Practice and Policy in England, Wales, Ireland, and Scotland, 1800