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themselves of the problem altogether, first by refusing to appear at the imperial diet and then by conquering the Slav lands along the northern border of the Empire. However, the consequences of re-orientating Danish foreign policy would cast a long shadow over the reigns of Valdemar I’s successors, with a marriage alliance with France proving abortive and leading to long, drawn-out negotiations involving at
. 17 Leyser, ‘Ottonians and Wessex’, pp. 77–9 argues that the Ottonians needed some of the royal prestige of Edith’s family at this early stage of their dynastic career. 18 S. Sharp, ‘England, Europe and the Celtic world: King Athelstan’s foreign policy’, in
–66 and 876, while N. Staubach, Das Herrscherbild Karls des Kahlen: Formen und Funktionen monarchischer Repräsentation im früheren Mittelalter (Münster, 1982), pp. 98–9 argues for Hincmar’s influence on Charles’s ‘foreign’ policy in 858–69. As McCarthy, Chapter 6, pp. 110–12, 123 shows, the question of the influence of any individual is not a straightforward one. 63 On Hincmar’s coronation ordines and ideas of royal ritual generally, see R. A. Jackson, ed., Ordines coronationis Franciae. Texts and Ordines for the Coronation of Frankish and French Kings and
four different stories about Superman that Siegel and Shuster created from 1939 to 1941, the period leading up to the Japanese attack on Pearl Harbor. In all of them, Goodnow stresses, the authors advocated for a shift in US foreign policy from isolation to intervention. Two of the stories in question, jointly titled ‘Europe at war’, were published in the March and April issues of Action Comics in 1940, around the same time Weird Comics started to serialise comics about Thor. According to Goodnow, Siegel and Shuster’s leitmotif was that ‘if the threat overseas
instance, imported implications of the Confessor’s sanctity and his reputation for justice through his laws. 15 Edward Ill’s imagination and admiration were drawn to Henry II and Edward I, with their expansionist foreign policies and concern for the workings of the law, arguably, emulated in his own reign. 16 The extent to which it was perceived that a particular king fulfilled his own ideals or the commonly expected paradigms of
. Questions of counsel and patronage were, of course, intimately related, for kings tended to reward most generously those whose advice they valued most highly, but the issue of counsel was especially important to the king’s opponents for the public dimension it possessed, introducing questions of national interest – decisions over taxation and foreign policy – into the essentially private dialogue between the king and his greatest tenants. The imposition of a named and approved body of councillors, sworn to maintain the common good and charged with the control of
University Press, 1951), pp. 152–3. We should however recognise that some nineteenth-century historians had already railed against this disregard, most obviously Thorold Rogers, who lamented the failure of historians ‘to search into the life and doings of our forefathers, instead of skimming the froth of foreign policy, of wars, of royal marriages and successions, and the personal character of the puppets who have strutted on the stage of public life’, J.E.T. Rogers, Six centuries of work and wages. The history of English labour (London: Sonnenschein, 1908), p. 178
. In general, the political crisis of 1386–8 shook the framework of political society sufficiently to create new opportunities for the enterprising and sure-footed, while the advent of an Appellant regime, dominated by Richard II’s noble opponents and committed to a more aggressive foreign policy, provided employment for experienced professional soldiers. In particular, Janico’s close association with the Percy earls of Northumberland allowed him to take full advantage of the opportunities thus presented. Janico was in the service of the Percies as early as the