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dovetails with traditional notions of loyalty and allegiance to the social and political order. As the Saudi state has its roots in tribal society, the concept is overlaid with tribal customs associated with patriarchy and patronage, expressed in royal claims to wisdom, benevolence, generosity, munificence and forgiveness, and direct accessibility through the royal council ( majlis ) to the king. The royal family legitimizes its position in conveying a feeling of responsibility for the well-being not only of the individual Saudi citizen but also of his family, his clan
for all the royal family’. Within the legislation was a section, which came to be known as The Dress Act , that further introduced a ban on ‘Highland Clothes’ under threat of imprisonment or transportation to a colony: no man or boy within that part of Britain called Scotland, other than such as shall be employed as Officers and Soldiers in His Majesty’s Forces, shall, on any pretext whatever, wear or put on the clothes commonly called Highland clothes (that is to say) the Plaid, Philabeg, or little Kilt, Trowse, Shoulder-belts, or any part whatever of what
example, Douglas Chalmers, 1977 . Although Chalmers was discussing Latin America, his idea of the politicized state can also be applied to the Middle East, where royal families or other groups tied together for various reasons have seized control of the state and held on to power with no intention of giving it up willingly. REFERENCES