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suggested as possibly being one of them. Reports of hallucinations in Parkinson’s patients were rare before levodopa began to be used in the 1960s. Then, in 1970, Gastone Celesia and Arlene Barr reported on a sample of Parkinson’s patients who appeared to have various psychotic reactions to the medication, including hallucinations. 9 The Northern Irish poet Frank Ormsby was diagnosed with Parkinson’s in 2011 at the age of sixty-four. Rather than retreat, he followed his instincts and wrote about his experiences
is applied to presence when it comes to virtual reality (VR): the sense of “being there” in a computer-based environment. 2 Closely related to the concept of immersion, it refers to people actually feeling like they are located in the virtual realm rather than simply viewing it onscreen. 3 Mel Slater is a researcher who has used VR to explore racial bias, paranoia, embodiment, and even the notorious experiments on obedience to authority that were originally run by Stanley Milgram in the early 1960s. 4 Slater has