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variables – the effects of government policies – from a host of others (Smithers 2007: 383). As a result, no consensus view has emerged. To take – for illustrative purposes – the issue of secondary education. On the one hand, Gorard and Fitz found ‘no evidence . . . to link education markets with increasing concentrations of disadvantaged children in some schools and their absence in others’ (Gorard and Fitz 2006: 281). Indeed, there was evidence of ‘some narrowing of the attainment gap between the most deprived and least deprived’ (Hill 2007b: 271). On the other