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and kinship is vital if we are going to fully utilise the data available from emerging technologies such as the exploration of ancient DNA. As technology becomes more sophisticated so must archaeological approaches to the social situations and social dynamics of past peoples.
10 Disentangling risk assessment: new roles for experts and publics Sarah Hartley, Adam Kokotovich Risk assessment is an important stage of risk governance, alongside risk characterisation, risk evaluation and risk management. A burgeoning literature on public involvement in risk governance and sciencebased policymaking more broadly has developed in response to tensions in governing environmental risk, particularly the environmental risks posed by emerging technologies (Irwin, 2014; Levidow, 2007; Renn and Schweizer, 2009; Rothstein, 2013; Wynne, 2006). However
.theguardian.com/science/2012/ oct/19/public-opposition-animal-testing. de Saille, S. (2015). Dis-inviting the unruly public. Science as Culture, 24(1), 99–107. Dierkes, M., and von Grote, C. (eds) (2000). Between Understanding and Trust: The Public, Science and Technology. Amsterdam: Harwood. Dodds, S. (2013). Trust, accountability and participation. In K. O’Doherty and E. Einsiedel (eds), Public Engagement and Emerging Technologies. Vancouver and Toronto: UBC Press. ECEAE (2010). Eurobarometer survey shows public concern on animal testing. European Coalition to End Animal Experiments
of memory have exponentially increased the opportunities for such empathetic understandings. 12 It may very well be the case that humans are unique in their capacity for empathy. But empathy is not instinct; it is a faculty whose exercise is more or less likely depending on social and cultural context. The emerging technologies of mass culture had the potential to create the understanding necessary for the formation of
(Brown and Guston, 2009). If diversity is a criterion of science as a public good (Callon, 1994), then the market fails as a mechanism for achieving this good, as it prioritises only what elites say we ought to want (Jones, 2013). Public engagement, properly understood and devised, might stimulate discussion not just of the merits of one research area, but the wider question of what kinds of research and innovation are needed to fulfil the public interest (Jones, 2013). For example, Hartley et al. (2016) argue that to properly assess the merits of an emerging
presumption that unlimited growth represents progress (and perhaps virtue), made for instance by Latour and Haraway in discussions of technology and environmental limits, resonates with many explicit critiques of the computational as the handmaiden of such forms of progress, and is present in a more amorphous form more widely (see Latour, 2011 , Haraway, 2016 ). Work by Timnit Gebru et al. on the high environmental/energy cost of expanding data lakes used in AI sharpens the critique in relation to emerging technologies (Gebru, 2021 ). Significance
cultural vernacular’ (Miéville, 2002 ) because it resonates with what is also a fantasy, the fantasy of real life under capital, the fantasy that is at the heart of our material world and its emerging technologies. The fantastic, as a literary form, and in particular the New Weird, can (potentially) get at what is itself a fantastical colonization, and deal with it better than conventional forms of literary realism, because it can better get at ‘things’ beyond natural realism, or empirical realism. Unlike the postdigital, it continues to give technological inauguration