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migrations is the aim of international human resource management (IHRM) studies. IHRM research is conventionally said to have emerged as an academic field in the 1980s, centrally in response to intensifying globalisation. This chapter instead shows that a vibrant debate on the type of labour migrant now thought of as the ‘traditional expatriate’ already existed in the 1960s and 1970s. However, what is now the ‘traditional expatriate’ was at the time called a ‘new breed of expatriate’. Tracing the emergence of this ‘new breed’, the chapter shows that, then as now, IHRM
orientation towards the past that constrains present practices and this is most evident in discussions about farm forestry. But as will be seen, the resistance to this form of externally imposed knowledge appears to be related to the value placed on factors other than economic return rather than being indicative of a conservative mindset towards innovation. Ancestors in the field: farmer identities and the temporal orientation of farming knowledge cultures Many farmers have exhibited a strong buy-in to the productivist discourse since the 1960s. It concurs with farmers
references, but also by the expectation – triggered by the narrative at the very beginning – that participation in the performance will involve illicit and dangerous acts. As in Vertov’s Man With a Movie Camera , A Machine To See With demands active interpretation of the artistic montage. However, in the latter this montage is assembled dynamically as the participant progresses through the performance. This experience draws from a lineage of post-1960s avant-garde art movements associated with the performative turn. The post-1960s performative turn The term
3 Partners for improvement? Corporate vandalism in Islington and Camden Having seen how the PFI public housing regeneration programme emerged under New Labour after 1997, this chapter tells the story of residents’ experiences of PFI schemes in the neighbouring north London boroughs of Islington and Camden. In Islington, PFI was selected as the regeneration vehicle for the thousands of street properties in the borough municipalised during the 1960s and 1970s, with the works divided into two separate contracts: PFI-1, which started in 2003; and PFI-2, which
industrial ones like Manchester. These cobbled passages and alleyways were laid out to provide easy access to the backs of terraces for the delivery of basic goods such as coal, and the easy removal of rainwater and household wastes. They predominated in working-class areas of industrial cities where building speculators maximised the available space for housing, while also abiding by the sanitary regulations laid down by the municipal authorities. In the 1960s, it seemed, for a time, that the Manchester alleyway would become a thing of the past. In this decade, Victorian
Manchester: Something rich and strange challenges us to see the quintessential post-industrial city in new ways. Bringing together twenty-three diverse writers and a wide range of photographs of Greater Manchester, it argues that how we see the city can have a powerful effect on its future – an urgent question given how quickly the urban core is being transformed. The book uses sixty different words to speak about the diversity of what we think of as Manchester – whether the chimneys of its old mills, the cobbles mostly hidden under the tarmac, the passages between terraces, or the everyday act of washing clothes in a laundrette. Unashamedly down to earth in its focus, this book makes the case for a renewed imaginative relationship that recognises and champions the fact that we’re all active in the making and unmaking of urban spaces.
Monuments Shopping centre – Martin Dodge Since the medieval period, the heart of Manchester and the hub for shopping has been Market Street. At the start of the twentieth century it was regarded as overly congested and an inadequate thoroughfare for the cotton metropolis. Many schemes were advanced to widen it and the surrounding narrow streets to provide space for larger retail premises and easier pedestrian movement. Yet it was not until the 1950s that serious plans for redevelopment were drawn up by officials in the Town Hall. By the mid 1960s, a
place. The former campus of the University of Manchester Institute of Science and Technology (UMIST) is a cluster of high-rise modernist buildings dating from the 1960s, set in leafy, landscaped grounds just south of the city centre. The sense that this was the university’s centre for new discovery and innovation is subtly reinforced by a series of public artworks, commissioned in the late 1980s and early 1990s, and inspired by themes such as combustion and insulation; one even depicts a naked Archimedes rising from his bath at the moment of inspiration. Public art
As the tragedy of the Grenfell Tower fire of 14 June 2017 has slowly revealed a shadowy background of outsourcing and deregulation, and a council turning a blind eye to health and safety concerns, many questions need answers. Stuart Hodkinson has those answers. Safe as Houses weaves together Stuart’s research over the last decade with residents’ groups in council regeneration projects across London to provide the first comprehensive account of how Grenfell happened and how it could easily have happened in multiple locations across the country. It draws on examples of unsafe housing either refurbished or built by private companies under the Private Finance Initiative (PFI) to show both the terrible human consequences of outsourcing and deregulation and how the PFI has enabled developers, banks and investors to profiteer from highly lucrative, taxpayer-funded contracts. The book also provides shocking testimonies of how councils and other public bodies have continuously sided with their private partners, doing everything in their power to ignore, deflect and even silence those who speak out. The book concludes that the only way to end the era of unsafe regeneration and housing provision is to end the disastrous regime of self-regulation. This means strengthening safety laws, creating new enforcement agencies independent of government and industry, and replacing PFI and similar models of outsourcing with a new model of public housing that treats the provision of shelter as ‘a social service’ democratically accountable to its residents.
This book explores contemporary urban experiences connected to practices of sharing and collaboration. Part of a growing discussion on the cultural meaning and the politics of urban commons, it uses examples from Europe and Latin America to support the view that a world of mutual support and urban solidarity is emerging today in, against, and beyond existing societies of inequality. In such a world, people experience the potentialities of emancipation activated by concrete forms of space commoning. By focusing on concrete collective experiences of urban space appropriation and participatory design experiments this book traces differing, but potentially compatible, trajectories through which common space (or space-as-commons) becomes an important factor in social change. In the everydayness of self-organized neighborhoods, in the struggles for justice in occupied public spaces, in the emergence of “territories in resistance,” and in dissident artistic practices of collaborative creation, collective inventiveness produces fragments of an emancipated society.