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5287P IMPOSTURES MUP-PT/lb.qxd 14/10/09 15:12 Page 110 Chapter 6 . Ethnic impostors n 1703, a young man appeared in London, claiming to be a native of Formosa, and presented to the Royal Society an entire cultural and geographical description of a remote civilisation. How was it possible to succeed in pretending to be of a different ethnicity and engage members of the Society and the wider public for a considerable time? A category of ‘ethnic impostors’ might come as a surprise, for there was hardly a clear concept of ethnicity in the early modern period
refugees and asylum seekers. So the ethnic geography of the country has changed over the years and Scotland has become a more diverse and multicultural society. In this chapter, we begin by examining the 2011 census data to illustrate the various identities and ethnicities within the country. We then seek to explain how this pattern has evolved, by describing the various migrant groups who have made their home in Scotland, the changes that have taken place in recent years and we subsequently explore the concept of multiculturalism in Scotland, together with ongoing
4 A multi-ethnic metropolis: representations of Marseille If proof were needed of Marseille’s historical significance and importance within France, one need only recall the French national anthem. It was the presence of so many Revolutionaries from the southern city among those marching from the Rhine to Paris in 1792 that led to their ‘Chant de guerre de l‘armée du Rhin’ being renamed ‘La Marseillaise’, immortalised in Jean Renoir’s 1938 film of the same name. The oldest city in France – in 1999 it celebrated its 2600th year of existence – Marseille is also
in’ (2007: 20). This notion that comedy can be a Janus-like process, a barrier as well as an entrance, both a ‘sword and a shield’, is important when we attempt to understand the relationship between comedy, race and ethnicity. Comic material in broadcasting and film can, as we have seen, have different meanings for different audiences at different times, but it invariably relies a great deal on
11 Reconciliation after ethnic cleansing: witnessing, retribution and domestic reform John Borneman conditions that might make possible reconciliation after ethnic cleansing? This chapter addresses reconciliation in light of specific ethnic cleansings and ‘ethnicisations’, with a focus on the most recent example in Bosnia. It neither elaborates a specific case nor makes specific historical–cultural comparisons. The potential contribution is theoretical, specifying psycho-social terms and processes integral to reconciliation after violent conflicts. The
7 Class and ethnicity The theme of perfection resonates throughout the nineteenth-century writings of and about women religious. Catherine McAuley reminded the Sisters of Mercy that ‘Religion refines and elevates the character. A perfect Religious is a perfect lady.’1 Thomas Marshall, one of Her Majesty’s Inspectors of Schools, saw women religious as: belonging to a higher grade of society – this is almost universally the case in female communities – yet in the previous cultivation of their minds, the possession of more ample attainments, and a far more careful
In the poem ‘The haggis’, composed by Robert Francis, a Scottish poet in New Zealand, several ethnic groups were linked to particular national foods, including the English with plum pudding and roast beef; the Welsh with leeks; the Irish with potatoes; the Spanish with garlic; the French with ‘froggies an’ slimy, crawly snails’; the Italians with olives; and the Germans
3 •• Nation, empire and ethnicity The Great Exhibition, as is often the case with events of national significance, offered Britain an opportunity to reflect on her position in a global context. For Auerbach and Hoffenberg it ‘put the nation on display and served as a forum for discussions of Britishness’ (2008: p. x); it also afforded a chance to rethink shared cultural and moral values and the national character, relationships with other nations, the future of the empire and the colonies, and ‘The images that the English constructed of themselves’ (Daly, 2011
2504Chap3 7/4/03 3:53 pm Page 48 3 Ethnic conflict and Eurasian security Stuart Kaufman What role does ethnic conflict play in Eurasian security affairs? Just breaking this question down into its component parts uncovers a vast array of apparent influences. Ethnic conflict is, first of all, clearly a cause of internal conflict and insecurity, as demonstrated by the problems in Bosnia, Kosovo, Macedonia, Cyprus, Georgia, Chechnya and Mountainous Karabagh. Furthermore, it is a key cause of international security problems, as the above list of ethnic civil
Inspired both by debates about the origins of the modern ideology of race and also by controversy over the place of Ireland and the Irish in theories of empire in the early modern Atlantic world, Renaissance Humanism and Ethnicity before Race argues that ethnic discourse among the elite in early modern Ireland was grounded firmly in the Renaissance Humanism and Aristotelianism which dominated all the European universities before the Enlightenment. Irish and English, Catholic and Protestant, all employed theories of human society based on Aristotle’s Politics and the natural law of the medieval universities to construct or dismantle the categories of civility and barbarism. The elites operating in Ireland also shared common resources, taught in the universities, for arguing about the human body and its ability to transmit hereditary characteristics. Both in Ireland and elsewhere in Europe, these theories of human society and the human body underwent violent changes in the late seventeenth century under the impact of the early Enlightenment. These changes were vital to the development of race as we know it.