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This volume aims to disclose the political, social and cultural factors that influenced the sanitary measures against epidemics developed in the Mediterranean during the long nineteenth century. The contributions to the book provide new interdisciplinary insights to the booming field of ‘quarantine studies’ through a systematic use of the analytic categories of space, identity and power. The ultimate goal is to show the multidimensional nature of quarantine, the intimate links that sanitary administrations and institutions had with the territorial organization of states, international trade, the construction of national, colonial, religious and professional identities or the configuration of political regimes. The circum-Mediterranean geographical spread of the case studies contained in this volume illuminates the similarities and differences around and across this sea, on the southern and northern shores, in Arabic, Spanish, Portuguese, Greek, Italian, English and French-speaking domains. At the same time, it is highly interested in engaging in the global English-speaking community, offering a wide range of terms, sources, bibliography, interpretative tools and views produced and elaborated in various Mediterranean countries. The historical approach will be useful to recognize the secular tensions that still lie behind present-day issues such as the return of epidemics or the global flows of migrants and refugees.
migrants themselves, Bustamante brought the language of international human rights into discussions of conditions for immigrants in the US. The activists, clergy and attorneys who talked with Bustamante were invited to participate in an international community of rights that extended past US borders. Indeed, an attempt to invoke international law in defence of immigrants’ right to
In his essay on the role of law in legitimising imperial rule in the Americas, Peter Fitzpatrick assesses the impact of Francisco de Vitoria's early sixteenth-century work, De Indis , on perceptions of governance and control in the ‘new world’. 2 In part of his wide-ranging assessment, Fitzpatrick argues that European concepts of international law in the age of imperial expansion were designed to justify the subjugation of the peoples encountered in new-found lands while, at the same time, ‘accommodating’ them ‘within the fold of [European] civilization’. 3 As
street emerged. The place of the individual in relation to the public’s health is approached from a very different perspective by Beatrix Hoffman, in Chapter 5 . Hoffman examines historically the treatment of immigrant and migrant publics’ right to health under international law. Hoffman looks at the ways the judicial protection of human rights was unevenly applied, with non
which they can or cannot enter. Depending on how a person, their health or origin is classified, medical inspection is either carried out relative to the Immigration Act 1971, particularly in the case of non-EEA migrants, or under other public health laws relating to ports.11 Under both sets of laws medical inspections are primarily overseen by local authorities, who ‘maintain a sanitary border ... defined by national and international law’.12 Individuals are categorised using the results of x-ray or laboratory test results, and clinical diagnoses of Port Medical
. Regulating the use of screening cards Valid consent In any healthcare intervention informed consent must be obtained from the person, or someone with legal authority to act on their behalf, before starting the medical treatment or investigation (Health Service Executive, National Consent Policy, 2013). This requirement is consistent with fundamental ethical principles, with good practice in communication and decision-making and with national health and social care policy. The need for consent is also recognised in Irish and international law. The ethical rationale behind
Dillon, A. (2010) Psychiatry and the Law, 2nd edn. Dublin: Blackhall Publishing. De Londras, F. and Kelly, C. (2010) European Convention on Human Rights Act: Operation, Impact and Analysis. Dublin: Round Hall. Doyle, S. (2010) ‘The new paradigm for involuntary detention– Article 14 of the UN Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and the right to liberty of persons with mental disabilities’, Irish Yearbook of International Law, 4–5: 71. Expert Group on the Review of the Mental Health Act 2001 (2015) Report of the Expert Group on the Review of the
, Stephan Miescher , Takyiwaa Manuh and Percy C. Hintzen (pp. 1–16 ). Bloomington : Indiana University Press . Minkowitz , T. ( 2007 ) ‘ The United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and the right to be free from noncensensual psychiatric interventions ’, Syracuse Journal of International Law and Commerce 34 ( 2 ), 405
confinement measures usually practised by physicians.76 His second intervention took place on the occasion of the eleventh congress of the Institut de Droit International (Lausanne, 28 September 1888). Proposing a project for an international sanitary convention to revise the ‘current system of international sanitary policy’ on bases which were ‘irrefutable by experimental science’, Landa summed up the different international law initiatives of the second half of the nineteenth century that had helped to suppress or attenuate the ‘useless The case of Nicasio Landa 187
increasing reports that the diagnosis of autism could be applied to wider groups of children and adults as part of a spectrum, and led to questions being raised about the ‘autism epidemic’. There is, of course, an irony to this situation because just as national and international law began to isolate and clarify the rights of people with autism, the number of people with autism began