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5 Narrating mutiny in the army of Flanders: Cristóbal Rodríguez Alva’s La inquieta Flandes (1594) Miguel Martínez ‘Mutinies have happened since armies were first gathered for war and slaves for work, and the first crews of ships endured the sea.’ This sentence opened Tom H. Wintringham’s survey of mutiny throughout history, from Spartacus to the French soldiers of the Western Front in 1917.1 Wintringham (1898–1949), who had been a member of the Communist Party of Great Britain since 1923, was a veteran of the Great War, and an experienced mutineer himself when
chap4 28/5/02 13.32 Page 81 Part II Flanders: ‘Eigen volk eerst!’ The extreme right in Flanders, 1917–80 Until the beginning of the First World War, the heterogenous Vlaamse Beweging (Flemish Movement) was primarily cultural in orientation (see Willemsen 1969: 10–27). Its principal goal was the emancipation of the Dutch language (i.e. Flemish) and culture from the dominance of French speaking Belgium, and its supporters looked favourably upon a multinational Belgian state. The First World War led to a split in the movement: a small section collaborated with
This article examines the various layered concepts of foreignness constructed by ‘t Historiael Journael, a travel account of the first Dutch envoy to Ceylon from 1602 to 1604. It focuses on a map of Ceylon included in the account and positions it in relation to other cartographic projects commissioned by leaders of the early Dutch Republic. It is argued that the Dutch conceived of religious and cartographic images as opposing types of representation and used the stylistic conventions and ideological concepts underpinning these different modes of picturing to construct divergent religious and political identities. It is also suggested that Johann Theodor De Bry’s popular India Orientalis, in which an abridged version of the travel account appears, smooths out the complex layers of political, religious and geographic difference constructed in the original text.
Judging from repetitious appearances of her marital arms in the painted line-endings, the Psalter-Hours John Rylands Library Latin MS 117 probably belonged to Jeanne of Flanders (c.1272–1333), daughter of Count Robert III of Flanders and in 1288 second wife to Enguerrand IV of Coucy. Yet the line-endings also contain some 1,800 diminutive painted escutcheons, many of which refer to other members of the local nobility active during the 1280s. This study, based on an exhaustive survey of the total heraldic and codicological evidence, suggests that the majority of the extant Psalter predated the Hours and that the two parts were combined after the 1288 marriage. The ‘completed’ manuscript bears witness to major events that unfolded in and around the Coucy barony over the course of the decade. It suggests a complex relationship between Jeanne of Flanders and a lesser member of the local nobility, a certain Marien of Moÿ, who may have served as her attendant.
This book is comprised of over 200 translated sources related to popular protest in Italy, France and Flanders from 1245 to 1424 . In particular, it focuses on the ‘contagion of rebellion' from 1355 to 1382 that followed in the wake of the plague. They comprise a diversity of sources and cover a variety of forms of popular protest in different social, political and economic settings. Their authors range across a wide political and intellectual horizon and include revolutionaries, the artistocracy, merchants and representatives from the church. They tell gripping and often gruesome stories of personal and collective violence, anguish, anger, terror, bravery, and foolishness. The book documents the best-known revolt in France before the French Revolution, the Jacquerie. The book also focuses on the best known of the urban revolts of the fourteenth century, the Revolt of the Ciompi, which set off with a constitutional conflict in June 1378. It then views the 'cluster of revolts' of northern France and Flanders, 1378 to 1382, concentrating on the most important of these, the tax revolts of the Harelle in Rouen and the Maillotins or hammer men in Paris. It looks beyond the 'cluster' to the early fifteenth century.
allod, a hereditary fief without any strings attached, to Rollo and his heirs [4] . Such an interpretation no doubt reflects the political ambitions of Richard I and Richard II, but other evidence suggests that Dudo’s interpretation was wishful thinking. The French considered Normandy to be a principality like, for example, Flanders, Aquitaine, Burgundy and Blois-Chartres, where despite their semi
proved successful: the king was forced to back down from his fiscal demands and to reform the tyrannical practices of his tax collectors [132, 133, 135] . The chronicles show the interconnectedness and networks of communication among insurgents across vast areas of northern France and Flanders – how a revolt in one place inspired tax resistance and disobedience to the crown in another
of Flanders in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. 2 The persistent occurrence of warfare makes it possible to survey military hospitals and the medical practitioners assigned to them. The provision of adequate medical services was, however, not guaranteed in every theatre of war. Writing on Ireland, Cyril Falls and John McGurk have identified a number of factors that impacted negatively on the availability of military medicine in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries. Rather than supplying hospitals and providing
been chosen for commemoration. It appears that there are usable and less usable Scottish pasts. Moments Our Scottish past: commemorations131 of warfare, in particular, seem to dominate Scottish remembrances in Europe. The chapter ends with a visit to Flanders, where local enthusiasts have erected a monument to the Scottish soldiers who fell in the First World War. It appears that commemorations of the Scottish past can become political statements in specific contexts. The seigneurs of Aubigny Aubigny-sur-Nère is a sleepy village in the Berry, the rural heart of