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8 Norway and Ireland: too different to compare? Often referred to as Norway’s oil ‘adventure’, the story of how Norway used its oil and gas resources to become a highly developed society has nearly achieved folklore status. Lauded for one of the most balanced and successful approaches to state resource management globally, Norway’s achievements are frequently used as a benchmark against which other countries are judged. In Ireland, comparisons with Norway are often derided by oil industry representatives and some politicians, or hailed as a prototype and
11 The Norwegian Mobile Army Surgical Hospital: Nursing at the front Jan-Thore Lockertsen, Ashild Fause, Christine E. Hallett and Jane Brooks ‘Why I did go to Korea? I guess it was the same reason that I left my home and travelled 1,000 kilometres to train as a nurse. I was young and adventurous.’1 The Korean War is ‘the forgotten war’, the war ‘in between’ the Second World War and the Vietnam War. Margot Isaksen was one of the 111 nurses who served as a ward nurse or theatre nurse at The Norwegian Mobile Army Surgical Hospital (NORMASH) in the period during
The construction of ethnic identity can draw on many sources, including traditions, social practices, and written texts. Different groups, of course, utilise these sources differently, and in the case of Norwegian-American ethnicity, Old Norse texts have been particularly influential, whether directed towards scientific, stylistic, populistic, or even political ends. One historical indication of this importance is the fact that the publication of Old Norse literature has sometimes accompanied grand occasions of symbolic ethnic display, perhaps the grandest of
In 1814, after more than four hundred years of union with Denmark, Norway was suddenly declared an independent kingdom. This put an end to a complicated relationship. Since 1660, Norway and Denmark had been kingdoms with an equal status under the same king, and Norway was no longer regarded as a vassal state but rather as part of ‘the twin monarchies’ of Denmark–Norway. The political influence of the nobility had been dramatically reduced in 1660, as the Assembly of the Estates of the Realm in Copenhagen
comprehensive databases for ‘grey’ literature, including evaluation reports. The available resources regarding evaluations in South Sudan suggest that only a few evaluations are publicly available. For example, one evaluation database (discussed in more detail below), which is updated to 2015, identifies only three evaluations related to South Sudan. In 2016, the Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation (Norad) compiled an ‘Evaluation Portrait’, outlining 24 evaluations (covering 2010 to 2015), which appears to be the most extensive collection of evaluations conducted in
( Save the Children, 2017 ) and the Radi-Aid research report ( Girling, 2018 ), a collaboration with the University of East Anglia, address many of the criticisms raised by the use of photography among aid agencies – including the lack of alternative representations and the White Saviour complex – and call for more visual ethics. (Radi-Aid was a satirical campaign (2013–17), initiated by the Norwegian Students’ and Academics
Norwegian Refugee Council are development actors like the International Trade Centre and the International Labour Organization, and even private sector actors and supporters like Upwork and Tent ( Upwork, 2022 ). Non-governmental organisations (NGOs) working to place refugees in remote digital work today find themselves in the peculiar position of acting as online market intermediaries between refugees and corporations in the digital economy. This ranges from helping refugees
, implying the transfer of responsibility – and often risk – to local staff or local partner organisations ( Stoddard et al. , 2010 ). International humanitarian agencies have also evacuated civilians relatively frequently in recent years, mainly from siege environments ( Norwegian Refugee Council, 2016 : 5). However, such evacuations are usually to another site in the same country, and the expectation is that local
were two kinds of relief group: those who professed neutrality and the very few who did not. The most prominent among the latter was Norwegian People’s Aid, which used to run newspaper adverts stating that it wasn’t neutral like MSF and others, but that it supported the rebels. It is understandable that mainline humanitarian groups working with migrants don’t want to be so unequivocal. But sooner or later they will have to be, and not just on the personal blogs of individual aid workers. Humanitarianism has weathered many crises, and perhaps it
implications, is increasing ( Kak, 2020 ; Lodinová, 2016 ; Deibert, 2013 ; Marino, 2021 ). In a crisis of a different sort, COVID-19 ignited debate over digital tracking in Europe and beyond. Notably, the UK’s National Health Service (NHS) COVID-19 contract-tracing app and resulting parliamentary bills, ignited this debate in the UK ( Clarke, 2020 ), whereas human rights groups highlighted privacy vulnerabilities in Bahrain, Kuwait and Norway contact tracing apps ( Amnesty