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termed a fetus. In many legal systems, the protection given to the embryo/fetus is extended as the pregnancy progresses, and the fetus develops. Thus, in France, abortion is allowed on demand up to fourteen weeks’ gestation, and from then is permissible only on the ground of risk to the pregnant woman’s health. In the USA, the Supreme Court in Roe v Wade 3 declared that any restriction on abortion
6 Abortion: a woman’s right to choose A ccounts of the WLM in Britain have often argued that the debates discussed in Chapter 5, especially those between radical and socialist feminists and over sexualities, led to the fragmentation of the movement, which then resulted in a ‘dramatic decline’ of the WLM at the end of the 1970s.1 Fragmentation is often portrayed as undermining the unity and strength of women’s liberation politics. For example, Bouchier argued that ‘the limited appeal and fragmentation of the British movement are indisputably signs of weakness
13.1 The legal and moral status of the human embryo continues to attract controversy. For the devout Roman Catholic and many others, life is given by God and begins at conception, thus the deliberate destruction of an embryo, be it in the course of embryo research, or by abortion, is the equivalent of killing you or us. The destruction of the embryo can only be justifiable, if at all, where the mother’s life is at risk. Even in such a case, abortion is still not lawful in some countries. 1 In 2010, three women went to the European Court of Human Rights
TBA_C07.qxd 12/02/2007 12:01PM Page 193 7 Abortion and the ‘culture of life’ Of all the issues associated with cultural and sexual politics, abortion has created the most bitter and enduring divisions. The fate of the unborn is the battlefield where depictions of an American ‘culture war’ seem to have the greatest credence and legitimacy. Only military metaphors appear to capture the sense of unyielding dedication that has characterised both the ‘pro-life’ and ‘pro-choice’ campaigns and the degree of polarization between the two sides. All too often, they
2 Conscientious objection, harm reduction and abortion care Ruth Fletcher Introduction The scope of any legal right to refuse to provide abortion care merits particular consideration following the introduction of the Protection of Life During Pregnancy Act 2013 (PLDPA). Irish health scholarship and practice may benefit from an account of conscientious objection (CO) that clarifies when CO is legitimately engaged by a refusal to provide care and whether CO is limited given its potential effect as a barrier to women’s lawful access to abortion. This chapter
195 11 ABORTION PREVENTION Lesbian citizenship and filmmaking in Sweden in the 1970s I ngr id Ry be rg I n the late 1970s, in the midst of the so-called gay liberation era, two pivotal lesbian films were shot in Sweden: the documentary short The Woman in Your Life Is You [Kvinnan i ditt liv är du] (1977), directed collectively by members of the organisation Lesbisk Front [Lesbian Front] in Stockholm, and the short educational fiction Eva and Maria [Eva och Maria] (Marie Falksten, Annalena Öhrström and Mary Eisikovits, 1983), directed by three women who ran
4 Suspicious deaths and abortions in London, 1933–53 Introduction Women’s deaths as a result of illegal abortions were unique among the categories of suspicious deaths in London in that the victim conspired with her killer. Women seeking abortions, their helpers and their abortionists were all acting illegally and colluded in secrecy, which made tracing the abortionist responsible for a woman’s accidental death very difficult for the police. The Metropolitan Police investigations of women’s suspicious deaths as a result of abortions in the middle of the century
and sex, but also their context, culture and the individual. For example, women/girl survivors may be forced to marry their rapist, coerced to undergo harmful traditional ‘cleansing rituals’, or die from an unsafe abortion after becoming pregnant from rape or at the hands of their family members who deem it a violation of the family’s ‘honour’. In settings where same-sex relations are criminalised, men reporting rape by another man may face arrest. Boy survivors who
.acordinternational.org/silo/files/conflict-and-gender-study--south-sudan.pdf (accessed 17 June 2021 ). Hutchinson , S. E. ( 1996 ), Nuer Dilemmas: Coping with Money, War, and the State ( Berkeley, CA : University of California Press ). JICA (Japan International Cooperation Agency) ( 2017 ), Country Gender Profile Republic of South Sudan Final Report , www.jica.go.jp/english/our_work/thematic_issues/gender/background/c8h0vm0000anjqj6-att/south_sudan_2017.pdf (accessed 22 August 2021 ). Jok , J. M. ( 1999 ), ‘ Militarism, Gender and Reproductive Suffering: The Case of Abortion in Western Dinka
patient’s health record included information about abortion in a setting where this procedure is illegal, or information related to injuries sustained during fighting or political protest. If so, such information could entail risks for the individual patient, and even for the humanitarian organisation. Risks of harm from failures of responsible data management may be particularly elevated in situations of armed conflict if project records could be used to target