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slave on bended knee, asking ‘Am I not a man and a brother?’ Settlers would have appreciated the image of a black man on his knees, but the caption must be ‘Am I not your child?’ Race, obviously, was the dividing line in colonial Kenya. Whites brought civilization to Africa. Africans must defer to whites as higher beings. Whites ruled, Africans were the ruled. These were truisms
the Philippines, Hawaii and Guam. This demographic, economic and territorial expansion was accompanied by an extension in the nation’s ideological horizon. With the USA adopting a more active role in global affairs, an international humanitarian consciousness began to take root in American society. Expressing themselves in the language of civilization and progress, Americans urged their government to
came to be known as the ‘standard of civilization’. 2 European international society and the ‘standard of civilization’ International society as it emerged from the Renaissance was the Christian society of states, despite the fact that the classic jurists from the sixteenth to the mid-eighteenth century (Vitoria, Suarez, Gentili, Grotius, Pufendorf, Wolff and Vattel) 3 had spoken in terms of universal society, though probably not in the sense that we use
of the different countries, into which we had carried what we called the blessings of civilization’. 46 Once proposed, the House of Commons quickly agreed to the motion for a Select Committee on the state and treatment of Aborigines in British Settlements. The historian Elizabeth Elbourne has argued that this was not because of a necessary willingness for parliament to champion the cause, but because Buxton had moved a
The Gothic is the discourse which embodies the dialectic of the Enlightenment, with its potential to push the frontier of reason into the mythologized darkness. Embarking on the use of genre fiction as political discourse and finding a voice to tell a story of her generation, Carter made a major breakthrough in her career. Making use of the Gothic palimpsest, Carters Marianne leaves behind the sphere of (feminine) ‘interiority’-the psychic spaces of desire and anxiety for the (supposedly masculine) catharsis in the Other world, as a sixties heroine of sensibility. Heroes and Villains calls for the reconstruction of enlightenment at the ‘post-modern’ ruins of civilization.
This study maps the influence of the Gothic mode in the Czech postmodern prose, especially in the novels published at the turn of the millennium: it primarily concerns books by Václav Vokolek, Miloš Urban and Jan Jandourek. Through analyticalinterpretative probes into these texts are demonstrated the main possibilities of the Gothic mode and consequences of its implementation in the contemporary Czech literature: distortion of the perspective and blurring of the individual identity, instability of the setting, expression of civilizational and existential fears. The study illustrates capturing of the key Gothic themes in the analyzed works of fiction and also the specific transformation and modification of these topics within individual author poetics. Special attention is particularly given to specifics of the setting, often combining typical Gothic topoi, which may be part of seriously intended opposition of the sacral and the profane, or they can also be presented as exposed cliché sceneries.
). Martin , S. ( 2015 ), A Short History of Disease: Plagues, Poxes and Civilizations ( Harpenden : Oldcastle Books ). Rieff , D. ( 2002 ), A Bed for the Night: Humanitarianism in Crisis ( London : Vintage