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This text aims to fill a gap in the field of Middle Eastern political studies by combining international relations theory with concrete case studies. It begins with an overview of the rules and features of the Middle East regional system—the arena in which the local states, including Egypt, Turkey, Iran, Israel and the Arab states of Syria, Jordan and Iraq, operate. The book goes on to analyse foreign-policy-making in key states, illustrating how systemic determinants constrain this policy-making, and how these constraints are dealt with in distinctive ways depending on the particular domestic features of the individual states. Finally, it goes on to look at the outcomes of state policies by examining several major conflicts including the Arab-Israeli conflict and the Gulf War, and the system of regional alignment. The study assesses the impact of international penetration in the region, including the historic reasons behind the formation of the regional state system. It also analyses the continued role of external great powers, such as the United States and the former Soviet Union, and explains the process by which the region has become incorporated into the global capitalist market.
reproductive heterosexual family formation, romantic love, coupledom, ‘residence’, white English monolingualism, birthright, the state, the nation. This is also the story of traces, of what is left behind, discarded, erased, omitted, in transactional relations whereby outsiders are made into insiders, but also when insiders are made into outsiders – remember Charlotte's daughter Katie, or Paul's realisation that his mobility is now controlled. Citizenisation is part of the neoliberal retooling of state authority within a global capitalist market that favours
’. Through pairing the local and the global in this way, Brontë reveals a sharp understanding of the ways in which local life was increasingly being shaped by its relationship to a new form of global space that encompassed both hemispheres. Furthermore, through her focus upon and ultimate celebration of characters who move across global space, Brontë reveals her understanding and acceptance of the importance of mobility within expanding global capitalist markets. These were, of course, developments of which Brontë had a deeply personal as well as intellectual comprehension
world, in the process inspiring numerous other indigenous youth cultures into global supercapitalism. That gangsta lies at the vanguard of this economic integration is perhaps paradoxical, but consistent with the transformation of other nations in similar conditions, with collectivised economies and political ideologies. As Hardt and Negri note, the integration of the former Soviet Union into the global capitalist market produced ‘powerful Russian mafias [that] emerged in control of a wide range of criminal activities. “Democratic transition”, we learned, is a code
also to the one in 2020 – by launching much deeper structural adjustment policies to make their economies fit for competition in global capitalist markets. However, based on the above highlighted findings of the country studies in this volume, there is little evidence that ambitious structural reforms, as outlined in the heuristic framework of Beck and Richter ( 2021 : 16–26), were launched after 2014. Also, initial summaries of the Arab Gulf regimes’ immediate responses to the COVID-19-related oil price decline did not find any evidence that the