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This book explores the influence of imperialism in the landscapes of modern European cities including London, Paris, Rome, Vienna, Marseilles, Glasgow and Seville. The first part considers some ways in which the design of urban landscapes articulated competing visions of the imperial city, including large-scale planning and architectural schemes, urban design and public monuments. The final shape of the Queen Victoria Memorial in London suggests an oddly tenuous relationship between the creation of imperial space and the representation of the empire itself. The notions of empire and romanità are expressed through the location, styling and form of the Vittoriano in Rome. The second part of the book considers the role of various forms of visual display, including spectacular pageants, imperial exhibitions and suburban gardens, in the cultural life of metropolitan imperialism. The material transformation of Paris with rhetorical devices reveals a deep-seated ambiguity about just how 'imperial' Paris wanted to appear. Sydenham Crystal Palace housed the Ethnological and Natural History Department, and its displays brought together animals, plants and human figures from various areas of the globe. The largest part of imperial Vienna's tourist traffic came from within the Austrian lands of the empire. The last part of the book is primarily concerned with the associations between imperial identities and the history of urban space in a variety of European cities. The book considers the changing cultural and political identities in the imperial city, looking particularly at nationalism, masculinity and anti-imperialism.
perceptions of the ‘backward’ and ‘uncivilised’ nature of the greater part of the empire’s dominions. 4 Imperial Vienna and the emergence of a tourist culture The largest part of Vienna’s tourist traffic came from within the Austrian lands of the empire. Although Wickham Steed attributed the lack of foreign visitors to the city’s lack of soul, a more pragmatic reason was Vienna’s position, well to the east of the most important European tourist routes. 5 In the early twentieth century the number of foreign visitors
Civilisation: The Making of City-Squares in Imperial Vienna (16th–20th Centuries)’, in R. Jaworski and P. Stachel (eds), Die Besetzung des Öffentlichen Raumes: Politische Plätze, Denkmäler und Straßennamen im europäischen Vergleich (Leipzig: Frank & Thimme, 2007), p. 69. 14
://www.deutsche-biographie.de/sfz46850.html (accessed 24 August 2020). At some point, a number of Kuffner family members left behind their Jewish religion. It is not clear when. 82 Albert Wiesinger, Arme Christen und Hungerleider, jüdische Kapitalisten und Geldvergeuder (Vienna: Sartori, 1870). 83 Carl Dittrich, Katholisch-politische Casino’s eines der wirksamsten Rettungsmittel der Gesellschaft (Vienna: Sartori, 1870). 84 John Boyer, Political Radicalism in Late Imperial Vienna: Origins of the Christian Social Movement, 1848–1897 (Chicago: University of Chicago, 1981), pp. 122
hold in Russia,” DW , 14 October 2016, www.dw.com/en/monument-fever-takes-hold-in-russia/a-36047241 . 5 On Lueger, see John W. Boyer, Political Radicalism in the Late Imperial Vienna: Origins of the Christian-Social Movement 1848–1897 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1981); for the current debate, see Oliver Moody, “Karl Lueger: Statue of Hitler’s favourite mayor stands tall,” The Times (November 9, 2021), www
–90, 124, 146–48; Schorske, ‘Politics in a New Key’, pp. 355–65. Lueger formally stated his commitment to the Christian Social movement at a golden jubilee celebration of Pope Leo XIII’s priesthood in February 1888. See John S. Boyer, Political Radicalism in Late Imperial Vienna: Origins of the Christian Social Movement 1848–1897 (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1981), p. 220. The exact date of the party’s inauguration remains unclear due to the gradual expansion of the original party nucleus to include each of the representative groups. A more recent biographer of
independent of the episcopate. See Boyer, Political Radicalism in Late Imperial Vienna, pp. 339–40. Fritz Csoklich, ‘Presse und Rundfunk’, in Weinzierl and Skalnik (eds), Österreich 1918–1938, vol. 2, p. 715. Ibid., p. 718. Paupié, Handbuch der Österreichischen Pressegeschichte, vol. 1, pp. 40, 58. Claudia Grillhofer, ‘Die Öffentlichkeitsarbeit wird “amtlich”: Zur Geschichte der Wiener “Rathaus-Korrespondenz” in der Ersten Republik’, in Wolfgang Duchkowitsch, Hannes Haas and Klaus Lojka (eds), Kreativität aus der Krise: Konzepte zur gesellschaftlichen Kommunikation in der
level of suspicion from the Napoleonic state comparable to that encountered in Imperial Vienna. 70 Gall died in the French capital on 22 August 1828, having apparently built up an enduringly successful medical practice over twenty years as a conventional physician. In Britain, reports of Gall's Continental symposia failed to provoke the formal censure of the state but drew instead a characteristically satirical dismissal from the popular press. By October 1805 Gall had travelled through northern