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3681 The Politics of war reporting.qxd:Layout 1 28/9/11 11:14 Page 54 3 Methodological issues I would like to show that with the same instruments, one can analyse phenomena as different as exchanges of honour in a precapitalist society or . . . foundations such as the Ford Foundation, exchanges between generations within a family, transactions in markets of cultural or religious goods, and so forth. (Bourdieu, 1998a: 92–3) Introduction It is clear by now that Bourdieu’s framework goes well beyond simply measuring different types of symbolic and economic
• 6 • Theory and methodology The previous chapter has indicated how to identify a topic, a research question and an approach. This chapter will demonstrate how you marry that approach to an appropriate methodology and critical framework. It will also survey a selection of important theories in film studies that can be used to frame work in the field. Some approaches to studying film privilege the archive, others the text, others advocate a conceptual or theoretical framework. Certain approaches favour certain topics but, as with all scholarship, reasons for
Researching material culture relies on bringing the business of research theory and practice together. As Christopher Tilley has put it: ‘Theory is practice and all practice is theoretical.’ 1 Theory and research practice work in concert to drive a research project to a satisfying conclusion. Describing how theory and practice work together is often discussed in the methodology section of a piece of writing, proposal or application. In essence, the term ‘methodology’ refers to the system of methods used in the study of a given subject. In describing
2 In defence of methodological nationalism In 1992 Francis Fukuyama declared the end of history, suggesting that with the fall of the Berlin Wall liberalism had triumphed as the political and economic paradigm across a globalised world.1 In 1994 Yasemin Soysal amongst others and with less fanfare argued that an era of postnational citizenship had arrived.2 The development of discourses of universal human rights had extended into the nation-state from beyond. Rights no longer strictly depended on nation-states. Cosmopolitan ideals expressed through human rights
Part II Conceptual and methodological issues How are we to evaluate parental power? In the next four chapters, I will look at the conceptual and methodological issues raised by that question. I make the case for a pluralist approach to methodology generally and the conceptualisation of power more specifically. This is necessary, I will try to show, as efforts to reduce plurality fail. When we evaluate parental power, there is an irreducible plurality of morally significant features and of relevant moral considerations. In addition, because of this irreducible
bridges between literatures and methodologies helpful for this book. For instance, bodies as focal points, human agency, and focus on micro-scaled politics and practices, as Dittmer ( 2017 ) puts it are among the important issues that need to be theorized in the context of politics from below. Thus, the everyday is theorized here as an assemblage of micro-practices and discourses enmeshed across physical and digital spaces, inside
INTRODUCTION There are many different ways of doing a research project. With these multiple possibilities in mind, the key job of the methodology section is to convince your reader that you have selected the right ‘tools’ for the job. ‘Tools’ in the context of historical research include research questions, review of relevant literatures, specific approaches (e.g. oral history) and theoretical frameworks (e.g. looking at a topic through a feminist lens). In your project, the methodology will do two
particular relationships by the developed whole also confirms the fact that these relationships were not historically fortuitous. Opponents of Ilyenkov (including Viktor Vazyulin, Konstantin Tronev, and Vladimir Shkredov) set out to show that the methodology of Capital is of a purely logical character, rather than arising from the historical development of the system of production relations of capitalism. A critique of this position and a proof of Ilyenkov's correctness may be found in the works by the outstanding Soviet political economist Nikolay Khessin ( 1975a
. However, in the absence of a clear methodology and relevance for substantial rules, general principles of law are not discussed in greater detail. Before closing this conceptual framework, another notion is analysed here: normative avoidance. 2.2 The concept of normative avoidance The main argument of this monograph is that cyber-espionage is subject
and techniques for studying subsistence practices, ancient plant remains, and other environmental data are well established (e.g., papers in Zeder et al . 2006 ), and archaeological methodologies have long been adapted to collect and appropriately process soil samples to preserve this data. Whilst new methods are constantly in development and new means of interpreting environmental data can shift our understanding of the import of these data, there is a deep and rich pool of comparative material, climate models, and methodological expertise upon which geo- and