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This book provides a comprehensive and detailed analysis of the five main parties of the extreme right in the Netherlands (Centrumdemocraten, Centrumpartij), Belgium (Vlaams Blok), and Germany (Die Republikaner, Deutsche Volksunion). Using primary research — including internal party documents — it concludes that rather than right-wing and extremist, the core ideology of these parties is xenophobic nationalist, including also a mix of law and order and welfare chauvinism. The author's research and conclusions have broader implications for the study of the extreme-right phenomenon and party ideology in general.
the Far Right in the Balkans – can we identify a single common ideological core for Far Right parties and, if so, is it identical with that in WE? Does the ideology of the Far Right party family in the Balkans contain any specific features? The primary aim of this chapter is to analyse those parties which are supposedly on the Far Right of the political spectrum and explore their ideological core, focusing on nationalism, xenophobia, law and order and welfare chauvinism. Due to the peculiarities of the Balkan region, additional specifics and regional idiosyncrasies
confusion we have noted also leads to conceptual uncertainty. As Mudde points out, in twenty-six definitions of Right-wing extremism in the literature, no less than fifty-eight different features are mentioned at least once. Characteristics appearing in one form or another include nationalism, 02_Vera_Ch-2.indd 14 1/16/2014 11:24:38 AM MUP FINAL PROOF – <STAGE>, 01/16/2014, SPi terminology and conceptualization 15 xenophobia, law and order, welfare chauvinism, racism, anti-Semitism, external exclusivity, internal homogenization, traditional values, westernophobia
this might be the result of the fact that the party considers unification undesirable in the short term, given that the party believes that the (Northern) Netherlands is currently undergoing a process of left-wing decay. Table 7.1 Summary table of ideological features per partya Feature Nationalism Internal homogenisation External exclusiveness Ethnic nationalism State nationalism Exclusionism Ethnopluralism Anti-Semitism Xenophobia Strong state Law and order Militarism Welfare chauvinism Traditional ethics Revisionism REP DVU VB CD CP’86 C C i i C C i i C
Given the significant similarities and differences between the welfare states of Northern Europe and their reactions to the perceived 'refugee crisis' of 2015, the book focuses primarily on the three main cases of Denmark, Sweden and Germany. Placed in a wider Northern European context – and illustrated by those chapters that also discuss refugee experiences in Norway and the UK – the Danish, Swedish and German cases are the largest case studies of this edited volume. Thus, the book contributes to debates on the governance of non-citizens and the meaning of displacement, mobility and seeking asylum by providing interdisciplinary analyses of a largely overlooked region of the world, with two specific aims. First, we scrutinize the construction of the 2015 crisis as a response to the large influx of refugees, paying particular attention to the disciplinary discourses and bureaucratic structures that are associated with it. Second, we investigate refugees’ encounters with these bureaucratic structures and consider how these encounters shape hopes for building a new life after displacement. This allows us to show that the mobility of specific segments of the world’s population continues to be seen as a threat and a risk that has to be governed and controlled. Focusing on the Northern European context, our volume interrogates emerging policies and discourses as well as the lived experiences of bureaucratization from the perspective of individuals who find themselves the very objects of bureaucracies.
social planning in the eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries might not at first glance appear to have many contemporary resonances. Yet debates over how countries best provide for the social, educational, and health needs of their populations, and who is to be counted as entitled to such provision, are a conspicuous feature of many democracies in the twenty-first century. Across Europe and in the post-Brexit United Kingdom, ‘welfare chauvinism’ has blended increasing distrust of free movement of
more than a hundred years earlier. The Far Right in the Western Balkan region demonstrates features dangerous for democracy – striving after monoethnic countries with expanded borders as well as xenophobia aimed at local ethnicities. What is the state of the Far Right party family in the Balkans then? Our main findings are as follows: 1. The ideological core of the Far Right in the Balkans is identical to that of Western Europe (WE). The main core of the ideology of the Far Right Balkan parties is composed of nationalism, xenophobia and law and order, while welfare
, Critical Criminological Perspectives. Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 139–62. Canning, V. (2019). Supporting Sanctuary: Addressing Harms in the British, Danish and Swedish Asylum Systems. Calverts Co-operative. Careja, R., Elmelund-Præstekær, C., Klitgaard, M. and Larsen, E. (2016). ‘Direct and Indirect Welfare Chauvinism as Party Strategies: An Analysis of the Danish People’s Party’. Scandinavian Political Studies 39(4), pp. 435–57. Chauvin, S. and Garcés-Mascareñas, B. (2012). ‘Beyond Informal Citizenship: The New Moral Economy of Migrant Illegality
– as listed primarily in the sections on economy (III), employment (V), social policy (X) and taxes (XI) – show any coherence, it is in their welfare chauvinism. The rest is an ambiguous mix of social and liberal policies, ranging from rejection of ‘forced privatisation’ (CD 1989: III.1) and support for raising pension benefits (CD 1989: X.8) to calling for less (complicated) taxes (CD 1989: XI.1 and 3). The only substantive adjustments to the generally supported mixed economic system of the Netherlands (CD 1989: III.1) the CD seems to want is the increase of
–62 35 Hugo Garrido and Marta Ley ( 2019 ) ‘El voto de clase sigue existiendo: a menos renta, más votos para el PSOE’. Available at: www.elmundo.es/espana/2019/09/23/5d7bd6cafc6c83707e8b45b4.html . Accessed 17 May 2020. 36 Willem De Koster , Peter Achterberg and Jeroen Van der Waal ( 2013 ) ‘ The New Right and the Welfare State: The Electoral Relevance of Welfare Chauvinism and Welfare Populism in the Netherlands ’, International Political Science Review , 34 : 1 , 3–20 . 37 Thomas Prosser ( 2020 ) ‘ Budget 2020: Why the Conservatives are